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Tidal longcase clock by Philip Lloyd, Hotwells Bristol — view 1 of 6
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Clocks · Longcase clock

Tidal longcase clock by Philip Lloyd, Hotwells Bristol

DocumentedDocumented from a dealer's listing; attribution and date as stated by the dealer.
Maker / attribution
Philip Lloyd (maker)
Date
c. 1780
Country of origin
England
Place
Hotwells Bristol
Object type
Longcase clock
Dimensions
Height 247 cm
Stock no.
Product 361
Credit line
Dealer listing, The Antique Clock Company (product 361)
Catalogue title (original)
AN OUTSTANDING RARE TIDAL LONGCASE CLOCK BY PHILIP LLOYD OF HOTWELLS BRISTOL (English)

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Record summary

Catalogued by The Antique Clock Company (dealer), Dorset (stock number Product 361), this is a longcase clock by Philip Lloyd, made in Hotwells Bristol, England, dated c. 1780. The Atlas places it in the Precision & Scientific Horology period (1750 – 1850) of its Clocks collection. Recorded dimensions: Height 247 cm. The record is illustrated with 6 photographs.

Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.

Catalogue description

Dealer description — The Antique Clock Company

An Outstanding Rare Tidal Longcase Clock by Philip Lloyd of Hotwells Bristol The substantial 8 day duration movement with four large knopped pillars, the plates extended to the sides to allow the escape wheel (carrying the centre sweep seconds) to be mounted between the barrels, striking a bell on the hours. Deadbeat escapement and a brass rod pendulum and a large bob regulated by an octagonal, graduated rating nut. 12” silvered brass break arch dial indicates hours, minutes, seconds, moon phase and tide. The inner dial has two discs driven directly by the motion work. The outer disc carries two chapters, the inner of which indicates the age of the moon and the outer (a double 12”) shows the state of the tide at Bristol Quay. Both these indications are signalled by an engraved moon on the tip of the brass arm carried by the inner disc. The outer disc carries a brass arm with an engraved sun which points to the hours. The inner disc is marked for the tide and a small aperture to show the age of the moon. There is a plain centre seconds hand, a scrolling minute hand and a central ‘EARTH’ disc which indicates the relative position of the Earth and Moon. The arch of the dial features a finely painted landscape from Hotwells, of Bristol Gorge, with a ship that rises and falls with the tide. The mahogany case is beautifully veneered of excellent quality and is typical of the finest Bristol clock cases of this period having fluted canted corners to the trunk, fluted pillars to the hood topped by Corinthian capitals and most attractive fretwork surmounting the hood, the swan-neck caddy being removable. Height: 97″ or 247cm

Historical context

Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)

Harrison solves longitude; Mudge invents the lever; Breguet's Paris workshop defines the modern watch.

The age of the deadbeat escapement, compensated pendulums and observatory regulators. Domestic clocks spread through the middle classes: English longcase and bracket clocks, French gilt-bronze mantel clocks, Viennese Biedermeier wall clocks, Black Forest painted-shield clocks, and the first American shelf clocks.

Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Early Modern Horology

Atlas type guide

Longcase (tall-case or grandfather) clocks

The longcase clock was born from two seventeenth-century innovations: Christiaan Huygens's pendulum (1656–57) and the anchor escapement (c. 1670). A long seconds pendulum, nearly a metre long, swings with a small arc, and enclosing it together with the driving weights in a tall wooden case protected the mechanism and created a new piece of furniture. London makers such as Ahasuerus Fromanteel, Thomas Tompion and Joseph Knibb set the pattern.

By the eighteenth century longcase clocks were made throughout Britain, the Netherlands, Scandinavia (the Swedish Mora clock), France (the Comtoise from the Franche-Comté), Germany and colonial America. Eight-day movements with two weights became standard in better clocks; thirty-hour clocks with one weight and a rope or chain were cheaper alternatives.

What to look for

  • Winding holes in the dial: two (eight-day, going and striking) or none (thirty-hour, pulled up by a chain).
  • Brass dials with applied chapter rings (earlier) versus painted iron 'white' dials (after c. 1770 in Britain).
  • Moon-phase arches, date apertures, seconds dials and maker's name on the dial.
  • Case woods and style: ebonised, walnut marquetry, lacquer, oak or mahogany; regional styles from London, Lancashire, Scotland or America.
  • Whether the movement and dial match the case — 'marriages' are common.

Dating clues

  • Square brass dials suggest c. 1670–1720; arched brass dials c. 1715–1790.
  • Painted (white) dials were made by Birmingham dial-makers from about 1772.
  • Comtoise clocks with repoussé pendulums are mostly nineteenth century.

General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.

Read next:Anchor (recoil) escapementAnchor escapement

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