
Clocks · Longcase clock
Mahogany quarter-striking longcase clock with grid-iron pendulum by John Shelton, London
- Maker / attribution
- John Shelton (maker)
- Date
- c. 1770
- Historical period
- Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)
- Country of origin
- England
- Place
- London
- Object type
- Longcase clock
- Materials / technique
- mahogany
- Dimensions
- Height 227 cm
- Stock no.
- Product 3379
- Credit line
- Dealer listing, The Antique Clock Company (product 3379)
- Catalogue title (original)
- A MAHOGANY QUARTER-STRIKING LONGCASE CLOCK WITH GRID-IRON PENDULUM – JOHN SHELTON – LONDON (English)
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Record summary
Catalogued by The Antique Clock Company (dealer), Dorset (stock number Product 3379), this is a longcase clock by John Shelton, made in London, England, dated c. 1770. The Atlas places it in the Precision & Scientific Horology period (1750 – 1850) of its Clocks collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: mahogany. Recorded dimensions: Height 227 cm. The record is illustrated with 5 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Dealer description — The Antique Clock Company
This exquisite longcase clock is a masterful creation by John Shelton, one of 18th-century London’s most accomplished horologists. Crafted with precision and artistry, this clock is as much a testament to fine British engineering as it is to elegant design. Features: Movement: A robust three-train movement with substantial plates joined by six knopped pillars. Deadbeat escapement with maintaining power, ensuring unparalleled timekeeping accuracy. A temperature-compensating nine-rod steel and brass gridiron pendulum, suspended from a spring-mounted back cock. Striking the quarters on two nested bells and the hour on a third bell mounted above the plates. Includes three brass-clad weights for smooth and reliable operation. Dial: 12-inch arched dial with a strike/silent ring in the arch for control over the chimes. A silvered Roman chapter ring enclosing a subsidiary seconds dial. Signed “John Shelton, London” in a polished and brushed center. Accentuated with blued steel hands and gilt scroll and foliage spandrels, blending function with refined decoration. Case: A beautifully figured mahogany case featuring a hood with a swan’s neck pediment and sound frets for acoustic clarity. The arched long door is richly grained, and the panelled plinth rests on a moulded base, showcasing timeless craftsmanship. Fluted chamfers complete the architectural elegance of the design. John Shelton’s career epitomizes the golden age of English clockmaking. Apprenticed to Henry Stanbury, Shelton became a Clockmakers’ Company member in 1720 and later a Liveryman in 1766. Renowned as George Graham’s principal maker of astronomical clocks, Shelton contributed to the advancement of horology during a pivotal era. Despite his talents, financial challenges marred his later years, leading to a petition to King George III for relief in 1777. This clock not only embodies Shelton’s technical prowess but also serves as a historical artifact from one of horology’s most transformative periods. Offered in exceptional condition, this longcase clock is a rare find for collectors and connoisseurs. It combines innovative mechanics, elegant design, and a rich historical lineage, making it a true treasure for any fine collection. Height: 89 ½” or 227 cm
Provenance
Private collection, UK
Historical context
Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)
Harrison solves longitude; Mudge invents the lever; Breguet's Paris workshop defines the modern watch.
The age of the deadbeat escapement, compensated pendulums and observatory regulators. Domestic clocks spread through the middle classes: English longcase and bracket clocks, French gilt-bronze mantel clocks, Viennese Biedermeier wall clocks, Black Forest painted-shield clocks, and the first American shelf clocks.
Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Early Modern Horology
Atlas type guide
Longcase (tall-case or grandfather) clocks
The longcase clock was born from two seventeenth-century innovations: Christiaan Huygens's pendulum (1656–57) and the anchor escapement (c. 1670). A long seconds pendulum, nearly a metre long, swings with a small arc, and enclosing it together with the driving weights in a tall wooden case protected the mechanism and created a new piece of furniture. London makers such as Ahasuerus Fromanteel, Thomas Tompion and Joseph Knibb set the pattern.
By the eighteenth century longcase clocks were made throughout Britain, the Netherlands, Scandinavia (the Swedish Mora clock), France (the Comtoise from the Franche-Comté), Germany and colonial America. Eight-day movements with two weights became standard in better clocks; thirty-hour clocks with one weight and a rope or chain were cheaper alternatives.
What to look for
- Winding holes in the dial: two (eight-day, going and striking) or none (thirty-hour, pulled up by a chain).
- Brass dials with applied chapter rings (earlier) versus painted iron 'white' dials (after c. 1770 in Britain).
- Moon-phase arches, date apertures, seconds dials and maker's name on the dial.
- Case woods and style: ebonised, walnut marquetry, lacquer, oak or mahogany; regional styles from London, Lancashire, Scotland or America.
- Whether the movement and dial match the case — 'marriages' are common.
Dating clues
- Square brass dials suggest c. 1670–1720; arched brass dials c. 1715–1790.
- Painted (white) dials were made by Birmingham dial-makers from about 1772.
- Comtoise clocks with repoussé pendulums are mostly nineteenth century.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
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