
Clocks · Longcase clock
Regulator longcase clock by Richard Rowell, Oxford
- Maker / attribution
- Richard Rowell (maker)
- Date
- c. 1841
- Historical period
- Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)
- Country of origin
- England
- Place
- Oxford
- Object type
- Longcase clock
- Dimensions
- Height 200 cm
- Stock no.
- Product 2246
- Credit line
- Dealer listing, The Antique Clock Company (product 2246)
- Catalogue title (original)
- HIGH QUALITY REGULATOR LONGCASE CLOCK – RICHARD ROWELL – OXFORD (English)
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Record summary
Catalogued by The Antique Clock Company (dealer), Dorset (stock number Product 2246), this is a longcase clock by Richard Rowell, made in Oxford, England, dated c. 1841. The Atlas places it in the Precision & Scientific Horology period (1750 – 1850) of its Clocks collection. Recorded dimensions: Height 200 cm. The record is illustrated with 2 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Dealer description — The Antique Clock Company
A very fine high precision regulator made to a particularly high grade. The very heavy movement (Engraved to the back plate “ Rowell 1841 “) is made with six large pillars and is bolted to the original seat board with substantial brackets. The fine wheelwork is six spoke with maintaining power and the escapement has jewelled dead beat pallets. The pendulum, fixed to the backboard employs mercurial compensation. The quality of the hands and the engraving on the dial is particularly fine and typical of this period. The small and well figured mahogany case has substantial seat and back boards, a panelled base and a long thin glazed front door with canted corners to the trunk and hood. A very fine timepiece of great accuracy. History & Provenance: The clock was made in Oxford in 1841 by Richard Rouse Rowell at the then shop and workshop in Broad Street. Richard Rowell was the second generation of watch and clockmakers. His father, George Rowell, born at Lavrock Hall, Blythe, Northumberland in 1769 and, in due course served his apprenticeship as a watchmaker. In March 1791 he moved to Oxford and set up business as a watchmaker and jeweller in Board Street. He married and had a son Richard Rouse Rowell, the maker of the clock, who was born 14th May 1808. Richard carried on the business until he died in 1884. He was succeeded in the business by his son Richard Sydenham Rowell who had been born in 1848. He moved the business from Board Street to 115 High Street, Oxford. The clock stood in both shops until 1986 when the business was sold by the Rowell family to the staff and the building to Magdalen College. The staff moved the business to 12 Turl Street, Oxford and took the clock with them on loan from the family. In 1991 the clock was returned to the family and has reminded in the family’s ownership ever since. The clock keeps time so accurately that, before the speaking clock had been inaugurated, the Oxford telephone exchange used to ring up Rowell’s shop every morning to set their clocks. The maker of the case is not known, but most probably it was made by an Oxford cabinet maker Height: 79″ or 200cm
Provenance
Private collection – U.K.
Historical context
Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)
Harrison solves longitude; Mudge invents the lever; Breguet's Paris workshop defines the modern watch.
The age of the deadbeat escapement, compensated pendulums and observatory regulators. Domestic clocks spread through the middle classes: English longcase and bracket clocks, French gilt-bronze mantel clocks, Viennese Biedermeier wall clocks, Black Forest painted-shield clocks, and the first American shelf clocks.
Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Early Modern Horology
Atlas type guide
Longcase (tall-case or grandfather) clocks
The longcase clock was born from two seventeenth-century innovations: Christiaan Huygens's pendulum (1656–57) and the anchor escapement (c. 1670). A long seconds pendulum, nearly a metre long, swings with a small arc, and enclosing it together with the driving weights in a tall wooden case protected the mechanism and created a new piece of furniture. London makers such as Ahasuerus Fromanteel, Thomas Tompion and Joseph Knibb set the pattern.
By the eighteenth century longcase clocks were made throughout Britain, the Netherlands, Scandinavia (the Swedish Mora clock), France (the Comtoise from the Franche-Comté), Germany and colonial America. Eight-day movements with two weights became standard in better clocks; thirty-hour clocks with one weight and a rope or chain were cheaper alternatives.
What to look for
- Winding holes in the dial: two (eight-day, going and striking) or none (thirty-hour, pulled up by a chain).
- Brass dials with applied chapter rings (earlier) versus painted iron 'white' dials (after c. 1770 in Britain).
- Moon-phase arches, date apertures, seconds dials and maker's name on the dial.
- Case woods and style: ebonised, walnut marquetry, lacquer, oak or mahogany; regional styles from London, Lancashire, Scotland or America.
- Whether the movement and dial match the case — 'marriages' are common.
Dating clues
- Square brass dials suggest c. 1670–1720; arched brass dials c. 1715–1790.
- Painted (white) dials were made by Birmingham dial-makers from about 1772.
- Comtoise clocks with repoussé pendulums are mostly nineteenth century.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:Anchor (recoil) escapementDeadbeat escapementAnchor escapement
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