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Clocks · Regulator

Regulator by Brockbank, London, c. 1790

DocumentedDocumented from a dealer's listing; attribution and date as stated by the dealer.
Maker / attribution
Brockbank (maker)
Date
c. 1790
Country of origin
England
Place
London
Object type
Regulator
Materials / technique
mahogany
Dimensions
Height 214.5 cm
Stock no.
SKU 472
Credit line
Dealer listing, Howard Walwyn (SKU 472)
Catalogue title (original)
BROCKBANK. A George III mahogany regulator of rare small size. (English)

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Record summary

Catalogued by Howard Walwyn Fine Antique Clocks (dealer), London (stock number SKU 472), this is a regulator by Brockbank, made in London, England, dated c. 1790. The Atlas places it in the Precision & Scientific Horology period (1750 – 1850) of its Clocks collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: mahogany. Recorded dimensions: Height 214.5 cm. The record is illustrated with 5 photographs.

Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.

Catalogue description

Dealer description — Howard Walwyn

A fine late George III period regulator the beautiful mahogany veneered case of rare small size, with unusual pagoda top and brass flambeau finials. The 10 inch breakarch silvered dial has a conventional chapter ring with Roman hour numerals and an outer band of Arabic numerals for the minutes. There is a strike/silent dial and pointer in the arch and a subsidiary seconds dial below XII in the dial centre. The hour and minute hands are of blued steel. The exceptional five pillar 8-day hour striking movement has deadbeat escapement, maintaining power, trip repeat and rise and fall regulation. The wheelwork is of fine quality and there is pivoted maintaining power fitted below and acting on the centre wheel. There is also a simple trip repeat lever which acts directly on the lifting piece. Both levers are operated via cords through the seatboard. The deadbeat escapement has steel pallets, with rise and fall platform mounted across the top of the plates activated via a cam on a bracket mounted on the side. The large brass bob pendulum has a wooden rod and an engraved brass rating nut. The well patinated flame mahogany veneered case has a most unusual moulded pagoda top with two flambeau brass finials, a carved wooden sound fret roundel and chamfered brass string corners to the hood. The case is particularly small and elegant given the narrowness of the 10-inch dial and the full length breakarch moulded trunk door. The base has a raised moulded panel and the clock stands on its original double plinth. Height: 84 ½ in (214.5 cm) * The Brockbank s were a very well-known clockmaking partnership of brothers John and Myles Brockbank who were working from 1790 until circa 1830. They were responsible for making many fine precision clocks, longcases and marine chronometers. Regulators in cases of this quality, small proportions and originality are very rare. HW6403

Historical context

Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)

Harrison solves longitude; Mudge invents the lever; Breguet's Paris workshop defines the modern watch.

The age of the deadbeat escapement, compensated pendulums and observatory regulators. Domestic clocks spread through the middle classes: English longcase and bracket clocks, French gilt-bronze mantel clocks, Viennese Biedermeier wall clocks, Black Forest painted-shield clocks, and the first American shelf clocks.

Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Early Modern Horology

Atlas type guide

Regulators, wall and Vienna clocks

A regulator is a precision pendulum clock used as a time standard in observatories, workshops and railway offices. Typical features are a deadbeat or Graham escapement, a temperature-compensated pendulum (mercury jar, gridiron or later invar), maintaining power and a regulator dial that separates hours, minutes and seconds. George Graham's deadbeat escapement (c. 1715) and his mercury pendulum, together with Harrison's gridiron, set the pattern for two centuries.

Wall clocks span a much wider range: the elegant Viennese Laterndluhr and Dachluhr of the Biedermeier period, the Dutch stoelklok and staartklok, English 'dial' clocks used in schools, offices and railway stations, and mass-produced spring and weight wall clocks from Germany (Gustav Becker, Junghans, Kienzle) and America.

What to look for

  • Deadbeat escapement and compensated pendulum (gridiron rods, mercury jar or wood rod).
  • A regulator dial with a large central minute hand and separate hour and seconds dials.
  • Vienna regulators: glazed cases, slender pendulum, small weights, enamel two-piece dials.
  • German factory trademarks stamped on the backplate (e.g. Gustav Becker anchor and crown, Junghans star).

Dating clues

  • Graham-type deadbeat regulators: from c. 1720.
  • Viennese Laterndluhr: c. 1800–1850.
  • German factory 'Vienna-style' regulators: c. 1870–1930; Gustav Becker serial numbers allow close dating.

General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.

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