Clocks · Longcase clock
Oak longcase clock with moonphase by Shepley, Stockport, c. 1745
- Maker / attribution
- Shepley (maker)
- Date
- c. 1745
- Historical period
- Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)
- Country of origin
- England
- Place
- Stockport
- Object type
- Longcase clock
- Materials / technique
- walnut, oak
- Dimensions
- Height 7 ft 5 in (226 cm)
- Stock no.
- Product 264
- Credit line
- Dealer listing, P A Oxley (product 264)
- Catalogue title (original)
- Oak Longcase/Grandfather Clock by Shepley of Stockport with Moonphase (English)
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Record summary
Catalogued by P A Oxley (dealer), Wiltshire (stock number Product 264), this is a longcase clock by Shepley, made in Stockport, England, dated c. 1745. The Atlas places it in the Early Modern Horology period (1600 – 1750) of its Clocks collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: walnut, oak. Recorded dimensions: Height 7 ft 5 in (226 cm). The record is illustrated with 5 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Dealer description — P A Oxley
A very good example of North Country Clockmaking. The 8 day duration movement striking the hours on a bell and with a brass bobbed pendulum and cast iron weights. The square dial with a silvered brass chapter ring, seconds, date and moonphase feature to the centre. Also with brass spandrels to the corners, engraved matted centre and original blued steel hands. The well proportioned oak case with walnut crossbanding to both trunk and base and standing on four ogee feet. The hood with separate plain oak pillars, wooden capitals, caddy top and blind fretwork above the dial. Note: John Shepley was obviously quite an accomplished and inventive maker as shown by the complicated striking mechanism within this particular clock. He was working in the latter half of the 17th century and died in 1750. Maker Stockport with Moonphase
Historical context
Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)
Huygens' pendulum and balance spring transform accuracy; English makers develop the anchor and deadbeat escapements.
Huygens's pendulum (1656–57) improved clock accuracy from about a quarter of an hour to under a minute a day. The anchor escapement (c. 1670) and the long seconds pendulum created the longcase clock; London makers such as Fromanteel, Knibb, Tompion and Quare led European clockmaking, and French makers created the Boulle pendule.
Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Renaissance Horology
Atlas type guide
Longcase (tall-case or grandfather) clocks
The longcase clock was born from two seventeenth-century innovations: Christiaan Huygens's pendulum (1656–57) and the anchor escapement (c. 1670). A long seconds pendulum, nearly a metre long, swings with a small arc, and enclosing it together with the driving weights in a tall wooden case protected the mechanism and created a new piece of furniture. London makers such as Ahasuerus Fromanteel, Thomas Tompion and Joseph Knibb set the pattern.
By the eighteenth century longcase clocks were made throughout Britain, the Netherlands, Scandinavia (the Swedish Mora clock), France (the Comtoise from the Franche-Comté), Germany and colonial America. Eight-day movements with two weights became standard in better clocks; thirty-hour clocks with one weight and a rope or chain were cheaper alternatives.
What to look for
- Winding holes in the dial: two (eight-day, going and striking) or none (thirty-hour, pulled up by a chain).
- Brass dials with applied chapter rings (earlier) versus painted iron 'white' dials (after c. 1770 in Britain).
- Moon-phase arches, date apertures, seconds dials and maker's name on the dial.
- Case woods and style: ebonised, walnut marquetry, lacquer, oak or mahogany; regional styles from London, Lancashire, Scotland or America.
- Whether the movement and dial match the case — 'marriages' are common.
Dating clues
- Square brass dials suggest c. 1670–1720; arched brass dials c. 1715–1790.
- Painted (white) dials were made by Birmingham dial-makers from about 1772.
- Comtoise clocks with repoussé pendulums are mostly nineteenth century.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:Anchor (recoil) escapementDeadbeat escapementAnchor escapement
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