
Wristwatches · Wrist-watch
Gold-filled cased club-tooth lever wrist-watch
- Maker / attribution
- Robert H Ingersoll & Bro (Made by)
- Date
- 1928–1929
- Historical period
- Golden Age of Mechanical Watchmaking (1900 – 1945)
- Country of origin
- Switzerland
- Place
- Switzerland
- Object type
- Wrist-watch
- Dimensions
- Length: 36 millimetres Width: 25 millimetres
- Holding institution
- British Museum
- Accession / object no.
- 1983,1012.160
- Credit line
- British Museum, London
- Catalogue title (original)
- Gold-filled cased club-tooth lever wrist-watch (English)
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Record summary
Held and catalogued by British Museum (object number 1983,1012.160), this is a wrist-watch by Robert H Ingersoll & Bro, made in Switzerland, dated 1928–1929. The Atlas places it in the Golden Age of Mechanical Watchmaking period (1900 – 1945) of its Wristwatches collection. Recorded dimensions: Length: 36 millimetres Width: 25 millimetres. The record is illustrated with 1 photograph.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Description — British Museum
Wrist-watch. Circular 7 jewelled Swiss movement with club-tooth lever escapement. Silvered brass dial has Arabic hour numerals and subsidiary seconds. Rectangular gold filled case. Keyless winding and hand setting. Complete with leather wrist-strap.
Curator's comments — British Museum
Comment from Richard Good, Catalogue of Watches in the British Museum. Vol. V (Unpublished manuscript) Made by Ingersoll Switzerland, c. 1929 Wrist watch with a club tooth lever escapement. Signature: On the dial 'INGERSOLL' and 'SWISS MADE'. Case: A rectangular 3 piece rolled gold case with inscribed in the back "Presented to MR A. L. BENZING to record 5 years in the employ of THE HOUSES OF INGERSOLL LONDON January 26th 1929". The bezel and back are hinged to a central piece which carries the lugs and also houses the movement. In the case back is an incuse G. Also 'GOLD FILLED CASE GUARANTEED 10 YEARS MADE IN SWITZERLAND'. In a cartouche is 'I W CO LD' and in another cartouche is 'M.B. 1930 P.O.G.' The watch complete with a brown leather strap. Dial & Hands: A silvered dial with Arabic numerals, these once luminised and skeletonised hands also luminised. The seconds hand of blued steel. The dial secured with two dog screws. Movement: Ebauche Marks: Stamped on the front plate is 37, this is also stamped under the balance cock so is more likely to be a number used during production. Frame: A round movement with a nickel plated brass frame with on the barrel bridge '7 JEWELS' on the barrel ratchet wheel 'INGERSOLL', two dots and a star. On the winding wheel is 'SWISS MADE' and a star. A bridge for the barrel, the winding work and the centre wheel, a bridge for the third and fourth wheels and cocks for the escape wheel, the pallets and the balance. Barrel and Mainspring: A recessed cover to the going barrel. Barrel: I diameter 9.3 mm., height 1.4 mm. Mainspring: height 1.4 mm, thickness 0.12 mm. Barrel Arbor: diameter 3.0 mm., snailed. Hooking: milled from the barrel wall. Train: All the brass wheels are gilded, the centre wheel, third and fourth wheels with five crossings. The steel escape wheel with four. Jewelling: Jewel bearings only at the balance. All the jewels pressed in. Ruby endstones to the balance jewels. Escapement: A straight line layout club tooth lever escapement with short lever, double roller and D-shaped impulse pin. The exposed pallet stones have flat acting faces. A steel escape wheel with four crossings. An equidistant locking escapement. No. of teeth embraced 3½. Balance & Spring: an uncut monometallic balance with brass screws. Balance diameter 8.9 mm., thickness 0.60 mm. A blued-steel flat spiral spring with 10 1/3 turns. Means of Regulation: An index on the balance cock registers against a central arrow with 'F S' and 'A R' engraved on the balance cock table. Train Counts and Beat Rate: Great wheel (barrel) 70 Centre wheel 64 pinion 10 Third wheel 60 pinion 8 Fourth wheel 60 pinion 8 Escape wheel 15 pinion 6 Beat rate: 18,000 Motion work: cannon pinion 10 minute wheel 30, minute pinion 8 hour wheel 32 Winding System: Conventional positive stem set keyless work. Dimensions: Case length 36 mm., width 25 mm., height 9.7 mm over the glass. Movement: diameter 23.6 mm., height 6.1 mm. Provenance: Donated in 1983 by The Heron Corporation Ltd.
Inscriptions & marks
inscription; INGERSOLL [dial]; inscription; Presented to Mr A.L.BENZING to record 5 years in the employ of THE HOUSES OF INGERSOLL LONDON January 26th 1929 [back of case]
Provenance
Donated by:, Heron Corporation
Historical context
Golden Age of Mechanical Watchmaking (1900 – 1945)
The wristwatch displaces the pocket watch; waterproof cases, self-winding and grand complications.
The wristwatch overtook the pocket watch. Military use in the First World War, aviation, water-resistant cases (1926), automatic winding (1923–31), rectangular Art Deco designs and early chronographs and calendars defined the period.
Read the period in the timelineMore wristwatches from this periodEarlier: Industrial Revolution
Atlas type guide
Wristwatches
Bracelet watches were worn by women from the early nineteenth century — Breguet made one for Caroline Murat, Queen of Naples, in 1810–12 — but the wristwatch only became a man's instrument with military use and aviation in the early twentieth century. Between the World Wars it overtook the pocket watch; the 1920s and 1930s brought rectangular Art Deco cases, water-resistant cases and the first automatic winding systems.
After 1945 the wristwatch became a carrier of identity — dress watches, sports and dive watches, chronographs, calendars — produced by Swiss, American, Japanese, German, Soviet and Chinese industries. The quartz revolution after 1969 and the mechanical renaissance since the 1990s, including the rise of independent watchmakers, complete the story.
What to look for
- The reference number (between the lugs or inside the case back) and serial number, the starting point for dating.
- The calibre: its maker and number are often stamped under the dial or on the bridge.
- Originality of dial, hands and crown — refinished ('redial') dials are common.
- Case material marks: 18K/750, 14K/585, stainless steel, gold-filled, plated.
Dating clues
- Wire-lug cases: before c. 1925.
- Water-resistant screw-down cases: from 1926.
- Quartz movements: from 1969; sapphire crystals widespread after c. 1980.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:Identification Centre
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