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Clocks · Longcase clock

Walnut longcase clock by Lewis, Wincanton, c. 1750

DocumentedDocumented from a dealer's listing; attribution and date as stated by the dealer.
Maker / attribution
Lewis (maker)
Date
c. 1750
Country of origin
England
Place
Wincanton
Object type
Longcase clock
Materials / technique
walnut, oak
Dimensions
Height 6 ft 10 in (208 cm)
Stock no.
Product 518
Credit line
Dealer listing, P A Oxley (product 518)
Catalogue title (original)
Rare Walnut longcase clock by Lewis of Wincanton (English)

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Record summary

Catalogued by P A Oxley (dealer), Wiltshire (stock number Product 518), this is a longcase clock by Lewis, made in Wincanton, England, dated c. 1750. The Atlas places it in the Precision & Scientific Horology period (1750 – 1850) of its Clocks collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: walnut, oak. Recorded dimensions: Height 6 ft 10 in (208 cm). The record is illustrated with 6 photographs.

Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.

Catalogue description

Dealer description — P A Oxley

A rare provincial walnut longcase clock by this prolific and well known Somerset Clockmaker The 8 day duration movement with five pillars, recoil anchor escapement and the hourly strike on a bell using the rack striking method. The rare 11" square brass dial features a silvered brass chapter ring engraved with Roman numberals, Arabic minutes and fleur de lys. The matted centre has a silvered brass seconds ring and a square date aperture with engraved flowers and foliage. Also with blued steel hands which are typical of the period. The chapter ring is signed to the base of the chapter ring Richard Lewis, Wincanton. Gilt brass spandrels are displayed in each corner. The veneered walnut case is of exceptional quality for the period and County of Somerset. The cabinetwork during this period and area was mostly made from solid oak. Featuring crossbanded veneers and mouldings throughout the cabinetwork. This style was extensively used on all forms of furniture at this stage of the 17th century. Along with fugured walnut veneer to both the trunk door and base. The sides of the case are also veneered with wallnut. The flat top hood is framed with brass Doric capitals to the soild walnut pillars. Also with quarter pillars to the rear. The movement has been fully overhauled and serviced in recent years. Once purchased a further Service will be carried out and the movement will be guaranteed for 3 years. A very desirable and collectable longcase clock. Note: Richard Lewis was a well known Clockmaker in the town of Wincanton. He was also a Goldsmith, Silversmith and Watchmaker. In 1756 he attended the local town clock at 21 shillings per annum. Provincial walnut veneered longcase clocks are rare. They were more commonly seen in London around this period and earlier. The smaller dial size is also very unusual, giving the whole clock a very elegant and slim stature. Maker Lewis of Wincanton

Historical context

Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)

Harrison solves longitude; Mudge invents the lever; Breguet's Paris workshop defines the modern watch.

The age of the deadbeat escapement, compensated pendulums and observatory regulators. Domestic clocks spread through the middle classes: English longcase and bracket clocks, French gilt-bronze mantel clocks, Viennese Biedermeier wall clocks, Black Forest painted-shield clocks, and the first American shelf clocks.

Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Early Modern Horology

Atlas type guide

Longcase (tall-case or grandfather) clocks

The longcase clock was born from two seventeenth-century innovations: Christiaan Huygens's pendulum (1656–57) and the anchor escapement (c. 1670). A long seconds pendulum, nearly a metre long, swings with a small arc, and enclosing it together with the driving weights in a tall wooden case protected the mechanism and created a new piece of furniture. London makers such as Ahasuerus Fromanteel, Thomas Tompion and Joseph Knibb set the pattern.

By the eighteenth century longcase clocks were made throughout Britain, the Netherlands, Scandinavia (the Swedish Mora clock), France (the Comtoise from the Franche-Comté), Germany and colonial America. Eight-day movements with two weights became standard in better clocks; thirty-hour clocks with one weight and a rope or chain were cheaper alternatives.

What to look for

  • Winding holes in the dial: two (eight-day, going and striking) or none (thirty-hour, pulled up by a chain).
  • Brass dials with applied chapter rings (earlier) versus painted iron 'white' dials (after c. 1770 in Britain).
  • Moon-phase arches, date apertures, seconds dials and maker's name on the dial.
  • Case woods and style: ebonised, walnut marquetry, lacquer, oak or mahogany; regional styles from London, Lancashire, Scotland or America.
  • Whether the movement and dial match the case — 'marriages' are common.

Dating clues

  • Square brass dials suggest c. 1670–1720; arched brass dials c. 1715–1790.
  • Painted (white) dials were made by Birmingham dial-makers from about 1772.
  • Comtoise clocks with repoussé pendulums are mostly nineteenth century.

General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.

Read next:Deadbeat escapementAnchor escapement

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