Clocks · Wall clock
Wall clock by Jan Koogies, c. 1700
- Maker / attribution
- Jan Koogies (clockmaker)
- Date
- c. 1700
- Historical period
- Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)
- Country of origin
- Unrecorded in source
- Object type
- Wall clock
- Materials / technique
- iron (metal), metal, walnut (hardwood), wood (plant material), velvet (fabric weave), brass (alloy), glass, oak (wood)
- Dimensions
- height 78 cm x width 34 cm x depth 22 cm
- Holding institution
- Rijksmuseum
- Accession / object no.
- BK-NM-4143
- Credit line
- Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
- Catalogue title (original)
- Wandklok met geprofileerde voet- en kroonlijst en geslingerde hoekstijlen, tegen een vaasvormig blad (Dutch)
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Record summary
Held and catalogued by Rijksmuseum (object number BK-NM-4143), this is a wall clock by Jan Koogies, dated c. 1700. The Atlas places it in the Early Modern Horology period (1600 – 1750) of its Clocks collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: iron (metal), metal, walnut (hardwood), wood (plant material), velvet (fabric weave), brass (alloy), glass, oak (wood). Recorded dimensions: height 78 cm x width 34 cm x depth 22 cm. The record is illustrated with 1 photograph.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Description — Rijksmuseum (Dutch)
Hangklok belijmd met notenhout op eiken kern. Op het uitgezaagde vaasvormige blad zijn de open consoles bevestigd, die het klokkastje dragen. Dit laatste heeft geprofileerde voet- en kroonlijst, geslingerde hoekstijlen en op zij glazen deurtjes. De wijzerplaat is van koper; vergulde gegoten cherubsen dienen als hoekstukken. De onderlaag is van zwart fluweel. het kastje heeft bovenop in het midden een bel met Atlas-figuur en aan de voorkant en zijkanten gegoten loden frontons met lofwerk, waarin aan de voorkant een vrouw met boek (Geloof) op de wereldbol staat, met links de Dood met zeis en fakkel, en rechts een wenende vrouw met zandloper op het hoofd; aan de zijkanten schilddragende leeuwen, waaronder het devies: "Nu elck zijn zin". De slinger verschijnt in een ovale opening van het blad en heeft de vorm van een ruitertje. Daaronder is op het blad een bazuinende zeenimf aangebracht. De twee gewichten hangen aan kettingen. Gemerkt op de wijzerplaat: Jan Koogies, Wormerveer.
Shown in the original language of the source catalogue. An editor-reviewed English translation has not yet been published; we do not publish machine translations as authoritative text.
Inscriptions & marks
signature: ‘Jan Koogies, Wormerveer’
Historical context
Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)
Huygens' pendulum and balance spring transform accuracy; English makers develop the anchor and deadbeat escapements.
Huygens's pendulum (1656–57) improved clock accuracy from about a quarter of an hour to under a minute a day. The anchor escapement (c. 1670) and the long seconds pendulum created the longcase clock; London makers such as Fromanteel, Knibb, Tompion and Quare led European clockmaking, and French makers created the Boulle pendule.
Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Renaissance Horology
Atlas type guide
Regulators, wall and Vienna clocks
A regulator is a precision pendulum clock used as a time standard in observatories, workshops and railway offices. Typical features are a deadbeat or Graham escapement, a temperature-compensated pendulum (mercury jar, gridiron or later invar), maintaining power and a regulator dial that separates hours, minutes and seconds. George Graham's deadbeat escapement (c. 1715) and his mercury pendulum, together with Harrison's gridiron, set the pattern for two centuries.
Wall clocks span a much wider range: the elegant Viennese Laterndluhr and Dachluhr of the Biedermeier period, the Dutch stoelklok and staartklok, English 'dial' clocks used in schools, offices and railway stations, and mass-produced spring and weight wall clocks from Germany (Gustav Becker, Junghans, Kienzle) and America.
What to look for
- Deadbeat escapement and compensated pendulum (gridiron rods, mercury jar or wood rod).
- A regulator dial with a large central minute hand and separate hour and seconds dials.
- Vienna regulators: glazed cases, slender pendulum, small weights, enamel two-piece dials.
- German factory trademarks stamped on the backplate (e.g. Gustav Becker anchor and crown, Junghans star).
Dating clues
- Graham-type deadbeat regulators: from c. 1720.
- Viennese Laterndluhr: c. 1800–1850.
- German factory 'Vienna-style' regulators: c. 1870–1930; Gustav Becker serial numbers allow close dating.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:Deadbeat escapementAnchor (recoil) escapementGrasshopper escapement
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