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Quarter chiming longcase clock by Eardley Norton, London — view 1 of 5
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Clocks · Longcase clock

Quarter chiming longcase clock by Eardley Norton, London

DocumentedDocumented from a dealer's listing; attribution and date as stated by the dealer.
Maker / attribution
Eardley Norton (maker)
Date
c. 1760
Country of origin
England
Place
London
Object type
Longcase clock
Dimensions
Height 277 cm
Stock no.
Product 2694
Credit line
Dealer listing, The Antique Clock Company (product 2694)
Catalogue title (original)
QUARTER CHIMING LONGCASE CLOCK – EARDLEY NORTON – LONDON – No.1165 (English)

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Record summary

Catalogued by The Antique Clock Company (dealer), Dorset (stock number Product 2694), this is a longcase clock by Eardley Norton, made in London, England, dated c. 1760. The Atlas places it in the Precision & Scientific Horology period (1750 – 1850) of its Clocks collection. Recorded dimensions: Height 277 cm. The record is illustrated with 5 photographs.

Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.

Catalogue description

Dealer description — The Antique Clock Company

This stunning quarter chiming longcase clock boasts the high-quality workmanship associated with this fine period of clockmaking excellence. A truly stunning case would not look out of place amongst the very best, with the beautiful solid mahogany case, elegant dial and comprehensive movement to match. This is a delightful clock that would complement any collection. Movement : The substantial movement held by six knopped and finned pillars is of 8-day duration, with three brass bound weights driving the clock. The movement runs three trains for the going train; to tell the time and date, the hourly strike train; striking a single bell upon the hour, and the quarter chiming train; striking a nest of 8 bells, where each strike represents each quarter hour passed. Using Graham’s dead-beat escapement, with a considerable iron rod pendulum, with a very heavy lenticular brass bob and silvered engraved rating nut. Case : A delightful, and majestic mahogany case. The sophisticated deep flamed Mahogany case with pagoda top and three urn finials over elaborate pierced sound frets and free standing brass-mounted stop-fluted columns, above a long shaped moulded door with canted corners and typical London applied panel base upon a double plinth. Dial : The 12” Break-arch brass dial with smartly matted centre, Date aperture above VI and silvered engraved seconds subsidiary dial below XII featuring Arabic 5 second markers. Surrounded by the silvered engraved chapter ring featuring both roman numerals and Arabic five minute markers. The rococo spandrels have all been cast and chased to improve finishing and definition. There is a strike/silent subsidiary situated in the arch of the dial allowing the silencing of the strike. The dial is completed with original all finely shaped and blued steel hands. Eardley Norton (1728 – 1792) Eardley Norton was from yeoman stock, who are believed to have farmed at Rigsby, Lincolnshire. He was apprenticed as a clockmaker on 25 May 1743 to Robert Dawson of Alford. He is listed as working at 49 St. John’s Street, Clerkenwell between 1760 and 1794. He was also a member of the Clockmakers’ Company being freed in 1770 and remained a member until his death in 1792. He applied for a patent for a new type of striking mechanism for clocks and watches on 31 August 1771. He’s renowned with a reputation as a very skilled clockmaker. He is most well known for making highly complex timepieces, sometimes with musical and astronomical movements for the export markets. These included Turkey and the Far East. The most notable of which may be his four-dial astronomical clock which he made to stand in the library of Buckingham House, now Buckingham Palace. In addition, there are clocks made by him in the Royal Collection, numerous museums worldwide and some of the world’s finest collections including a bracket clock in the Virginia Museum, a very small cartel clock in the National Museum of Stockholm, a marine chronometer in the Ilbert Collection at the British Museum in London and an elaborate automaton clock with organ in the Palace Museum located in Peking. He married Mary Swinnerton of Oswestry, and after retirement lived at Stonegrove House (no longer existing), Little Stanmore, Middlesex, in the parish of Whitchurch. On his death, his business was taken over by the partnership of Gravell and Tolkien. He is buried at St. Lawrence’s church in Little Stanmore. Height: 109 ″ or 277 cm *This clock is delivered and set up for free within the UK. We regularly ship clocks all over the world with our approved and well-established Antiques and Fine Art Packers & Shippers. Please ask for a quote should you require this service.

Provenance

Private collection U.K.

Historical context

Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)

Harrison solves longitude; Mudge invents the lever; Breguet's Paris workshop defines the modern watch.

The age of the deadbeat escapement, compensated pendulums and observatory regulators. Domestic clocks spread through the middle classes: English longcase and bracket clocks, French gilt-bronze mantel clocks, Viennese Biedermeier wall clocks, Black Forest painted-shield clocks, and the first American shelf clocks.

Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Early Modern Horology

Atlas type guide

Longcase (tall-case or grandfather) clocks

The longcase clock was born from two seventeenth-century innovations: Christiaan Huygens's pendulum (1656–57) and the anchor escapement (c. 1670). A long seconds pendulum, nearly a metre long, swings with a small arc, and enclosing it together with the driving weights in a tall wooden case protected the mechanism and created a new piece of furniture. London makers such as Ahasuerus Fromanteel, Thomas Tompion and Joseph Knibb set the pattern.

By the eighteenth century longcase clocks were made throughout Britain, the Netherlands, Scandinavia (the Swedish Mora clock), France (the Comtoise from the Franche-Comté), Germany and colonial America. Eight-day movements with two weights became standard in better clocks; thirty-hour clocks with one weight and a rope or chain were cheaper alternatives.

What to look for

  • Winding holes in the dial: two (eight-day, going and striking) or none (thirty-hour, pulled up by a chain).
  • Brass dials with applied chapter rings (earlier) versus painted iron 'white' dials (after c. 1770 in Britain).
  • Moon-phase arches, date apertures, seconds dials and maker's name on the dial.
  • Case woods and style: ebonised, walnut marquetry, lacquer, oak or mahogany; regional styles from London, Lancashire, Scotland or America.
  • Whether the movement and dial match the case — 'marriages' are common.

Dating clues

  • Square brass dials suggest c. 1670–1720; arched brass dials c. 1715–1790.
  • Painted (white) dials were made by Birmingham dial-makers from about 1772.
  • Comtoise clocks with repoussé pendulums are mostly nineteenth century.

General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.

Read next:Anchor (recoil) escapementAnchor escapement

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