
Clocks · Longcase clock
Longcase clock by William Webster, Royal Exchange, London, c. 1750
- Maker / attribution
- William Webster (maker)
- Date
- c. 1750
- Historical period
- Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)
- Country of origin
- England
- Place
- Royal Exchange, London
- Object type
- Longcase clock
- Materials / technique
- gilt, lacquer
- Dimensions
- Height 259.5 cm
- Stock no.
- SKU 421
- Credit line
- Dealer listing, Howard Walwyn (SKU 421)
- Catalogue title (original)
- WILLIAM WEBSTER. A grand George II period green and gilt lacquer longcase clock. (English)
View the source record (dealer listing) ↗ (opens another website in a new tab)Suggest a correction
Record summary
Catalogued by Howard Walwyn Fine Antique Clocks (dealer), London (stock number SKU 421), this is a longcase clock by William Webster, made in Royal Exchange, London, England, dated c. 1750. The Atlas places it in the Precision & Scientific Horology period (1750 – 1850) of its Clocks collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: gilt, lacquer. Recorded dimensions: Height 259.5 cm. The record is illustrated with 6 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Dealer description — Howard Walwyn
A grand George II period green and gilt lacquer longcase clock with three train brass dial quarter chiming movement. The 12 inch break arch brass dial has an applied silvered Roman and Arabic chapter ring with bold fleur-de-lys half hour markers and a subsidiary seconds dial below XII. The dial centre is finely matted and the maker’s signature is signed in large script in an arc below the centre. In the arch there is a large concentric calendar dial . The stunning green and gilt chinoiserie decorated case is in a remarkable state of preservation. The clock has a pagoda shaped hood, a raised panelled base with a double stepped plinth and a long moulded bridge top trunk door. The scenes, depicted in raised gilt decoration on the dark green ground, range from an exotic pagoda with figures in a rural setting on the base with groups of diners, musicians and birds in a semi-rural oriental townscape on the trunk door. The front of the pagoda top and sides of the hood have gilt carved wooden sound frets to let out the chimes and hours of the movement. There are profuse sprays of gilt flowers and foliage on the mouldings, hood pillars and flat surfaces and a pair of turned urn finials at each side of the top. The substantial high-quality 8-day three train movement strikes the quarters on 8 bells and the hours on a single bell. Height: 102 ¼ in (259.5 cm) * William Webster was a member of the Clockmakers’ Company and was the son of William Webster Senior, Tompion’s Journeyman. He took over his father’s business in Change Alley after 1734. He was active until his death in 1776 when he in turn was succeeded by his son of the same name. Provenance : This clock was in Spain for many years and it is highly probable that William Webster will have exported it to a Spanish buyer with an eye for an exotic chinoiserie case and quarter chiming movement shortly after it was made in the mid-1700’s. HW6036
Historical context
Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)
Harrison solves longitude; Mudge invents the lever; Breguet's Paris workshop defines the modern watch.
The age of the deadbeat escapement, compensated pendulums and observatory regulators. Domestic clocks spread through the middle classes: English longcase and bracket clocks, French gilt-bronze mantel clocks, Viennese Biedermeier wall clocks, Black Forest painted-shield clocks, and the first American shelf clocks.
Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Early Modern Horology
Atlas type guide
Longcase (tall-case or grandfather) clocks
The longcase clock was born from two seventeenth-century innovations: Christiaan Huygens's pendulum (1656–57) and the anchor escapement (c. 1670). A long seconds pendulum, nearly a metre long, swings with a small arc, and enclosing it together with the driving weights in a tall wooden case protected the mechanism and created a new piece of furniture. London makers such as Ahasuerus Fromanteel, Thomas Tompion and Joseph Knibb set the pattern.
By the eighteenth century longcase clocks were made throughout Britain, the Netherlands, Scandinavia (the Swedish Mora clock), France (the Comtoise from the Franche-Comté), Germany and colonial America. Eight-day movements with two weights became standard in better clocks; thirty-hour clocks with one weight and a rope or chain were cheaper alternatives.
What to look for
- Winding holes in the dial: two (eight-day, going and striking) or none (thirty-hour, pulled up by a chain).
- Brass dials with applied chapter rings (earlier) versus painted iron 'white' dials (after c. 1770 in Britain).
- Moon-phase arches, date apertures, seconds dials and maker's name on the dial.
- Case woods and style: ebonised, walnut marquetry, lacquer, oak or mahogany; regional styles from London, Lancashire, Scotland or America.
- Whether the movement and dial match the case — 'marriages' are common.
Dating clues
- Square brass dials suggest c. 1670–1720; arched brass dials c. 1715–1790.
- Painted (white) dials were made by Birmingham dial-makers from about 1772.
- Comtoise clocks with repoussé pendulums are mostly nineteenth century.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:Anchor (recoil) escapementDeadbeat escapementAnchor escapement
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