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Gold and Enamel French Verge Pocket Watch, c. 1790 — view 1 of 3
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Pocket Watches · Pocket watch

Gold and Enamel French Verge Pocket Watch, c. 1790

DocumentedDocumented from a dealer's listing; attribution and date as stated by the dealer.
Maker / attribution
Unrecorded in source
Date
c. 1790
Country of origin
France
Object type
Pocket watch
Materials / technique
gold, enamel
Stock no.
Product 4704
Credit line
Dealer listing, WatchMuseum.org shop (product 4704)
Catalogue title (original)
Gold and Enamel French Verge Pocket Watch (English)

View the source record (dealer listing) ↗ (opens another website in a new tab)Suggest a correction

Record summary

Catalogued by WatchMuseum.org shop (stock number Product 4704), this is a pocket watch, made in France, dated c. 1790. The Atlas places it in the Precision & Scientific Horology period (1750 – 1850) of its Pocket Watches collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: gold, enamel. The record is illustrated with 3 photographs.

Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.

Catalogue description

Dealer description — WatchMuseum.org shop

The GOLD AND ENAMEL FRENCH VERGE POCKET WATCH, Circa 1790, is a stunning testament to the artistry and precision of late 18th-century French watchmaking. This exquisite timepiece is encased in a luxurious gold and enamel consular case, reflecting the opulence and elegance of its era. The watch boasts a full plate gilt fusee movement, a hallmark of superior craftsmanship, with a bridge cock that is intricately pierced and engraved, featuring a steel coqueret. Its balance wheel, with three gilded arms and a plain finish, is complemented by a blue steel spiral hairspring, ensuring accurate timekeeping. The silver regulator dial, equipped with a blue steel indicator, allows for precise adjustments, enhancing the watch’s functionality. The timepiece is wound through a signed white enamel dial, which elegantly displays both Roman and Arabic numerals, and is adorned with a delicate diamond-set design. The dial is further accentuated by a pair of pierced silver hands, adding to its refined aesthetic. The gold consular case is a masterpiece in itself, embellished with a captivating pattern of green, red, and white enamel flowers on the bezels, and a matching floral motif at the center of the back. This is surrounded by a wide border of translucent pale blue enamel over an engine-turned ground, adorned with white faux enamel pearls. A round gold pendant, crowned by a single diamond, adds an additional touch of sophistication to this remarkable watch. Signed by Barbier le Jeune Paris, this pocket watch, with a diameter of 39 mm, is not just a timekeeping device but a piece of history, exemplifying the exquisite artistry and craftsmanship that defined French watchmaking at the end of the 18th century. This late 18th Century French verge timepiece showcases exquisite craftsmanship and design. Encased in a striking gold and enamel consular case, the watch features a full plate gilt fusee movement. The bridge cock is intricately pierced and engraved, adorned with a steel coqueret. The balance wheel, consisting of three arms, is gilded with a plain finish and boasts a blue steel spiral hairspring. A silver regulator dial, displaying a blue steel indicator, allows for precise timekeeping adjustments. The watch is wound through a signed white enamel dial, featuring both Roman and Arabic numerals. The dial is enhanced by a delicate diamond-set design and complemented by a pair of pierced silver hands. The consular case is made of gold and adorned with a captivating pattern of green, red, and white enamel flowers on the bezels. The center of the back also showcases the same floral motif, surrounded by a wide border of translucent pale blue enamel over an engine turned ground. This border is further adorned with white faux enamel pearls. A round gold pendant, crowned by a single diamond, adds a touch of elegance to the watch. This remarkable timepiece exemplifies the exquisite artistry and craftsmanship of late 18th Century French watchmaking. Signed Barbier le Jeune Paris Circa 1790 Diameter 39 mm

Historical context

Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)

Harrison solves longitude; Mudge invents the lever; Breguet's Paris workshop defines the modern watch.

From 1750 to 1850 the watch became a precision instrument. Mudge's lever escapement, the cylinder escapement, Lépine's thin bar calibre, Breguet's innovations (overcoil, tourbillon, perpétuelle) and the pocket chronometer of Arnold and Earnshaw all date from this period, while verge watches remained common in cheaper production.

Read the period in the timelineMore pocket watches from this periodEarlier: Early Modern Horology

Atlas type guide

Verge and pair-cased watches

After Christiaan Huygens and Robert Hooke applied the balance spring around 1675, the verge watch became a reasonably reliable timekeeper and the minute hand became standard. Through the eighteenth century the typical English watch was a pair-cased verge: a fusee movement with a pierced, engraved balance cock, housed in an inner case and a separate protective outer case, often of repoussé gold, shagreen, tortoiseshell or enamel.

French watches of the same period were thicker 'oignons', later replaced by elegant thinner watches following Jean-Antoine Lépine's bar-bridge calibre of c. 1770. Dutch, Swiss and German makers supplied international markets, and verge watches were made until the mid-nineteenth century as cheaper alternatives to the cylinder and lever.

What to look for

  • The pierced balance cock on the backplate: winged (continental) or with a foot (English); its style dates the watch.
  • Fusee and chain visible through the movement; key winding through the dial (early) or case back.
  • Hallmarks inside English silver or gold cases, which give a date letter.
  • Maker's name and serial number engraved on the backplate; watch papers inside outer cases.
  • Enamel dials (after c. 1720) versus earlier champlevé metal dials.

Dating clues

  • Champlevé dials: c. 1680–1730; white enamel dials thereafter.
  • English case hallmarks give the year of assay to within a year.
  • Verge watches persisted in cheap production until c. 1850.

General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.

Read next:Verge escapement

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