
Clocks · Longcase clock
Chinoiserie longcase clock by Chaldecott, Chichester, c. 1775
- Maker / attribution
- Chaldecott (maker)
- Date
- c. 1775
- Historical period
- Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)
- Country of origin
- England
- Place
- Chichester
- Object type
- Longcase clock
- Materials / technique
- lacquer, chinoiserie
- Dimensions
- Height 7 ft 2.5 in (220 cm)
- Stock no.
- Product 70
- Credit line
- Dealer listing, P A Oxley (product 70)
- Catalogue title (original)
- Chinoiserie Longcase Clock by Chaldecott of Chichester (English)
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Record summary
Catalogued by P A Oxley (dealer), Wiltshire (stock number Product 70), this is a longcase clock by Chaldecott, made in Chichester, England, dated c. 1775. The Atlas places it in the Precision & Scientific Horology period (1750 – 1850) of its Clocks collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: lacquer, chinoiserie. Recorded dimensions: Height 7 ft 2.5 in (220 cm). The record is illustrated with 6 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Dealer description — P A Oxley
An excellent green lacquered longcase clock with well preserved Chinoiserie decoration throughout featuring Naval scenes. The 8 day duration 5 pillar movement striking the hours on a bell and with 12" arched brass dial with separate silvered brass chapter ring, matted centre showing both sunken seconds, date, the makers name on a silvered brass cartouche and brass spandrels to the corners. The arch with a Strike/Silent facility and typical spandrels of the period depicting mythical sea creatures. The very well preserved green lacquered case with gold Chinoiserie decoration to the trunk door depicting houses, landscapes, birds, figures and a naval scene to the base of the door. The sides of the case decorated with flowers and foliage. The base with a double plinth and further Chinoiserie decoration depicting a Galleon complete with two rows of Cannons and a smaller vessel which may be depicting a rescue. Also featuring a large flying bug or fly. This may be a possible artist’s signature. The hood with attached angle pillars with brass Doric capitals and repeated to the rear of the hood. The glazed access door features a working lock, inspection windows to the side and a plain broken arch top. Note: Chinoiseire longcase clocks with well preserved lacquer work are now becoming increasingly difficult to find, with many of them being repainted over the years. Almost all of the original Gesso work and gilding has been retained on this particular clock. Its also very unusual to see a Naval scene, with not just one Vessel but three in total. Its possible this may have been ordered originally by someone with connections to the local Sea Ports such as Chichester Harbour, Bosham, Dell Quay and Emsworth. Maker Chaldecott of Chichester
Historical context
Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)
Harrison solves longitude; Mudge invents the lever; Breguet's Paris workshop defines the modern watch.
The age of the deadbeat escapement, compensated pendulums and observatory regulators. Domestic clocks spread through the middle classes: English longcase and bracket clocks, French gilt-bronze mantel clocks, Viennese Biedermeier wall clocks, Black Forest painted-shield clocks, and the first American shelf clocks.
Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Early Modern Horology
Atlas type guide
Longcase (tall-case or grandfather) clocks
The longcase clock was born from two seventeenth-century innovations: Christiaan Huygens's pendulum (1656–57) and the anchor escapement (c. 1670). A long seconds pendulum, nearly a metre long, swings with a small arc, and enclosing it together with the driving weights in a tall wooden case protected the mechanism and created a new piece of furniture. London makers such as Ahasuerus Fromanteel, Thomas Tompion and Joseph Knibb set the pattern.
By the eighteenth century longcase clocks were made throughout Britain, the Netherlands, Scandinavia (the Swedish Mora clock), France (the Comtoise from the Franche-Comté), Germany and colonial America. Eight-day movements with two weights became standard in better clocks; thirty-hour clocks with one weight and a rope or chain were cheaper alternatives.
What to look for
- Winding holes in the dial: two (eight-day, going and striking) or none (thirty-hour, pulled up by a chain).
- Brass dials with applied chapter rings (earlier) versus painted iron 'white' dials (after c. 1770 in Britain).
- Moon-phase arches, date apertures, seconds dials and maker's name on the dial.
- Case woods and style: ebonised, walnut marquetry, lacquer, oak or mahogany; regional styles from London, Lancashire, Scotland or America.
- Whether the movement and dial match the case — 'marriages' are common.
Dating clues
- Square brass dials suggest c. 1670–1720; arched brass dials c. 1715–1790.
- Painted (white) dials were made by Birmingham dial-makers from about 1772.
- Comtoise clocks with repoussé pendulums are mostly nineteenth century.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:Anchor (recoil) escapementDeadbeat escapementAnchor escapement
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