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Bracket clock by Rivers & Son, Cornhill, London, c. 1800 — view 1 of 4
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Clocks · Bracket clock

Bracket clock by Rivers & Son, Cornhill, London, c. 1800

DocumentedDocumented from a dealer's listing; attribution and date as stated by the dealer.
Maker / attribution
Rivers & Son (maker)
Date
c. 1800
Country of origin
England
Place
Cornhill, London
Object type
Bracket clock
Materials / technique
mahogany
Dimensions
Height 34 cm
Stock no.
Product 4481
Credit line
Dealer listing, Howard Walwyn (product 4481)
Catalogue title (original)
RIVERS & SON. A George III period figured mahogany table clock of rare small size. (English)

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Record summary

Catalogued by Howard Walwyn Fine Antique Clocks (dealer), London (stock number Product 4481), this is a bracket clock by Rivers & Son, made in Cornhill, London, England, dated c. 1800. The Atlas places it in the Precision & Scientific Horology period (1750 – 1850) of its Clocks collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: mahogany. Recorded dimensions: Height 34 cm. The record is illustrated with 4 photographs.

Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.

Catalogue description

Dealer description — Howard Walwyn

A charming miniature George III period figured mahogany table clock of rare small size by these London makers. The well patinated flame mahogany case is of bell-top form, surmounted by a hinged brass carrying handle over double cavetto mouldings. The base rests has a cavetto-moulded skirt that rests on four moulded bracket feet. The break-arch front door is framed by raised mouldings and pierced upper quadrant sound frets. The rear of the case is fitted with a rectangular break-arch glazed door, while the carved wooden side frets also share the break arch shape, backed with red silk. The 5-inch break-arch brass dial has a silvered brass chapter ring with Roman hour numerals and Arabic five minute markers outside the minute track. The centre is finely scroll-engraved and silvered, signed by the makers Rivers & Son, Cornhill / LONDON within an oval lambrequin with falling drapes to each side. Gilt-brass Indian-masks and scrolling spandrels adorn each corner of the chapter ring. The arch has a silvered Strike/Silent subsidiary dial within conforming gilt-brass foliate mounts and the delicate, finely pierced blued-steel hands appear to be original. The 8-day movement has five knopped pillars and twin fusees, the going train with verge escapement regulated by a pear shaped pendulum bob, striking the hours on a bell with trip-hour pull repeat . The backplate is engraved with a central urn amid symmetrical foliate scrolls and rosettes. Date: circa 1800 Height: 13 ½ in (34 cm) handle down Width: 8 in (20 cm) Depth: 5 ½ in (14 cm) Rivers & Son (Cornhill, London, circa 1782–1815) The firm traded in the City at Cornhill , most often recorded at No. 38 from about 1782 until 1815 , styling themselves ‘Rivers & Son, Cornhill, London, successors to Daniel de St. Leu (Watchmaker to Her Majesty).’ This succession, frequently quoted on their dials, followed De St. Leu’s move to Cornhill and conferred immediate prestige and royal association on the Rivers workshop. Their engraving style is often compared to Allam & Clements and John Ellicott Jr- both highly regarded leading makers of the period. Period references list the firm as active at Cornhill to 1815; afterwards the business was briefly continued by a son ( William Rivers ) at Cornhill into the late 1810s. Rivers & Son are listed on page 657 of Brian Loomes’ Watchmakers and Clockmakers of the World: Complete 21 st Century Edition. Miniature striking table clocks such as this are increasingly rare and thus highly prized by collectors. HW6632

Historical context

Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)

Harrison solves longitude; Mudge invents the lever; Breguet's Paris workshop defines the modern watch.

The age of the deadbeat escapement, compensated pendulums and observatory regulators. Domestic clocks spread through the middle classes: English longcase and bracket clocks, French gilt-bronze mantel clocks, Viennese Biedermeier wall clocks, Black Forest painted-shield clocks, and the first American shelf clocks.

Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Early Modern Horology

Atlas type guide

Bracket, table and spring-driven clocks

Spring-driven clocks freed timekeeping from the hanging weight. The coiled mainspring, documented from the fifteenth century, made portable table clocks possible; to even out its declining force, makers used the fusee, a conical pulley connected to the barrel by a gut line or chain. Renaissance table clocks from Augsburg and Nuremberg — drum-shaped, square or tower-shaped in gilt brass — were luxury scientific objects, often with astronomical dials and alarms.

After the pendulum, English makers developed the bracket clock: a wooden case with a carrying handle, a short pendulum with a verge escapement, and often repeating work to sound the hours on demand at night. Later examples use the anchor escapement. In the nineteenth century, 'table clock' became a broad term for spring clocks of every nationality.

What to look for

  • A fusee in the movement (cone-shaped pulley) and the type of line — gut or chain.
  • Verge escapement with a short bob pendulum, often with a decoratively engraved backplate.
  • Repeat cords or buttons that make the clock strike again on demand.
  • Gilt-brass engraved cases and horizontal dials on Renaissance pieces.
  • Case shapes: inverted bell, bell top, break-arch, lancet or balloon.

Dating clues

  • Drum and tower table clocks: c. 1520–1650.
  • Ebony veneered English bracket clocks with verge escapements: c. 1670–1800.
  • Engraved backplates were usual on English clocks until c. 1800, then generally plain.

General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.

Read next:Anchor (recoil) escapement

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