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Phase III quarter repeating ebonised table clock by Joseph Knibb, London — view 1 of 3
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Clocks · Bracket clock

Phase III quarter repeating ebonised table clock by Joseph Knibb, London

DocumentedDocumented from a dealer's listing; attribution and date as stated by the dealer.
Maker / attribution
Joseph Knibb (maker)
Date
c. 1685
Country of origin
England
Place
London
Object type
Bracket clock
Materials / technique
ebonised
Dimensions
Height 29 cm
Stock no.
Product 2740
Credit line
Dealer listing, The Antique Clock Company (product 2740)
Catalogue title (original)
A VERY FINE PHASE III QUARTER REPEATING EBONISED TABLE CLOCK – JOSEPH KNIBB – LONDON (English)

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Record summary

Catalogued by The Antique Clock Company (dealer), Dorset (stock number Product 2740), this is a bracket clock by Joseph Knibb, made in London, England, dated c. 1685. The Atlas places it in the Early Modern Horology period (1600 – 1750) of its Clocks collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: ebonised. Recorded dimensions: Height 29 cm. The record is illustrated with 3 photographs.

Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.

Catalogue description

Dealer description — The Antique Clock Company

A very fine Phase III Quarter repeating ebonised Table Clock by Joseph Knibb, London. A fine, rare and well conserved Charles II quarter repeating spring table clock in a particularly small ‘phase III’ ebony and gilt metal mounted case surmounted by a foliate tied gilt metal handle to the cushion top. The matching escutcheons to either side of the front door are typically Knibb with cherub and wings. The brass dial and winged and cherub spandrels retain their original fire gilt. The hands are delicately pierced and facetted. The quarter repeating mechanism is operable from either side of the case and the eight-day duration movement includes a verge escapement and a finely engraved backplate in the early style of tulips and foliage and the maker’s signature signed in a crescent. Unusually, this clock stands only 11 ½ inches high (29 cm), excluding handle. A very fine clock by this master of English clock making. Currently – Private collection, UK Previously – Private collection, France Previously – Purchased Carter & Wright Comparative Literature : The Knibb Family Clockmakers by R. A. Lee Height: 11 ½” or 29cm (Excluding handle) *This clock is delivered and set up for free within the UK. We regularly ship clocks all over the world with our approved and well-established Antiques and Fine Art Packers & Shippers. Please ask for a quote should you require this service. Joseph Knibb – B.1640 – D.1711 Joseph Knibb was one of the most celebrated clockmakers of his day and was highly admired by Charles II for whom he made several fine clocks. Joseph was apprentice to his cousin Samuel Knibb in 1655 at Newport Pagnell and after his seven year apprenticeship he then moved to Oxford in 1662, whilst Samuel moved to London the same year. It was far from an easy move, when he arrived in the city he was thought of as a foreigner by the freeman traders of the city who objected to his presence. It is thought that he traded without permission until upon payment of a fine in 1668, he was then free to carry out his business without hinderance. It was at this time he was most interested in the development of the anchor escapement and seconds pendulum for timekeeping accuracy. In 1670 he moved to London, this could have been because of his accurate clocks or it could possibly be to do with Samuels death. Either way, immediately after setting up business in the city he was granted the freedom of the Clockmakers’ Company. He was quick to become established in London with a very distinctive style along with several notable inventions. Quite apart from producing work of consistent high quality, Joseph was imaginative, inventive and had an excellent eye for proportion. He had many apprentices and was elected as Steward of the Clockmakers’ Company in August 1984 and then Assistant in 1689. By the time he retired in 1697 his business is believed to have made over four hundred clocks, proving that he was an illustrious businessman during his time in London. He retired to Hanslop where he still made clocks, only not on such a large scale. He died in December 1711. Many collectors aspire to “one-day own a Knibb”. It is also an ideal investment that you can really appreciate simultaneously.

Provenance

Provenance :

Historical context

Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)

Huygens' pendulum and balance spring transform accuracy; English makers develop the anchor and deadbeat escapements.

Huygens's pendulum (1656–57) improved clock accuracy from about a quarter of an hour to under a minute a day. The anchor escapement (c. 1670) and the long seconds pendulum created the longcase clock; London makers such as Fromanteel, Knibb, Tompion and Quare led European clockmaking, and French makers created the Boulle pendule.

Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Renaissance Horology

Atlas type guide

Bracket, table and spring-driven clocks

Spring-driven clocks freed timekeeping from the hanging weight. The coiled mainspring, documented from the fifteenth century, made portable table clocks possible; to even out its declining force, makers used the fusee, a conical pulley connected to the barrel by a gut line or chain. Renaissance table clocks from Augsburg and Nuremberg — drum-shaped, square or tower-shaped in gilt brass — were luxury scientific objects, often with astronomical dials and alarms.

After the pendulum, English makers developed the bracket clock: a wooden case with a carrying handle, a short pendulum with a verge escapement, and often repeating work to sound the hours on demand at night. Later examples use the anchor escapement. In the nineteenth century, 'table clock' became a broad term for spring clocks of every nationality.

What to look for

  • A fusee in the movement (cone-shaped pulley) and the type of line — gut or chain.
  • Verge escapement with a short bob pendulum, often with a decoratively engraved backplate.
  • Repeat cords or buttons that make the clock strike again on demand.
  • Gilt-brass engraved cases and horizontal dials on Renaissance pieces.
  • Case shapes: inverted bell, bell top, break-arch, lancet or balloon.

Dating clues

  • Drum and tower table clocks: c. 1520–1650.
  • Ebony veneered English bracket clocks with verge escapements: c. 1670–1800.
  • Engraved backplates were usual on English clocks until c. 1800, then generally plain.

General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.

Read next:Fusee

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