
Pocket Watches · Pocket watch
Silver pair-cased verge watch with Battle of Arcole automaton
- Maker / attribution
- Unrecorded in source
- Date
- after 1796
- Historical period
- Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)
- Country of origin
- Unrecorded in source
- Object type
- Pocket watch
- Dimensions
- Diameter 64 mm
- Dealer
- WatchMuseum.org shop
- Stock no.
- Product 1337
- Credit line
- Dealer listing, WatchMuseum.org shop (product 1337)
- Catalogue title (original)
- Napoleonic Automaton Verge (English)
Editor's note
The shop dated the watch 1795, but its automaton scene shows the Battle of Arcole, fought in November 1796, so it cannot be earlier than 1797.View the source record (dealer listing) ↗ (opens another website in a new tab)Suggest a correction
Record summary
Catalogued by WatchMuseum.org shop (stock number Product 1337), this is a pocket watch, dated after 1796. The Atlas places it in the Precision & Scientific Horology period (1750 – 1850) of its Pocket Watches collection. Recorded dimensions: Diameter 64 mm. The record is illustrated with 3 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Dealer description — WatchMuseum.org shop
Step into the fascinating world of horological artistry with the “Napoleonic Automaton Verge - 1795,” an exquisite and rare late 18th Century verge automaton watch that masterfully captures the historic battle of Arcola. This remarkable timepiece features silver pair cases and a full plate gilt fusee movement, showcasing the pinnacle of craftsmanship from the era. The intricately pierced and engraved bridge cock, adorned with a polished steel endstone, complements the plain three-arm gilt balance and blue steel spiral hairspring. A silver regulator dial with a gilt indicator and a white enamel dial, complete with a subsidiary of Arabic numerals and blue steel hands, add to its elegance. The lower half of the dial vividly depicts Napoleon leading his troops on a black horse onto the bridge, while Croatian and Austrian forces fire cannons from the right, all rendered in stunning polychrome enamel. A semi-circular opening in the bridge reveals a rotating disc of cavalry riders charging across the bridge, bringing the historic scene to life as the watch operates. The text “Bataille bei Arcola gewonnen von Bonaparte – d16ten Novbr 1795” proudly adorns the scene, adding a touch of historical authenticity. The matching silver pair cases, complete with a silver pendant and bow, feature faded hallmarks, underscoring the watch’s storied past. Bearing the name G Masterman London, yet believed to be of French origin, this antique watch, with a diameter of 64 mm and a depth of 14 mm, is in excellent condition and offers a rare glimpse into a momentous event in history through the lens of exceptional watchmaking. This is a highly unique late 18th Century verge automaton watch that portrays the battle of Arcola. It comes with silver pair cases and a full plate gilt fusee movement. The bridge cock is finely pierced and engraved with an endstone in a polished steel setting, and the watch has a plain three-arm gilt balance with a blue steel spiral hairspring. There is a silver regulator dial with a gilt indicator and a white enamel dial with a small subsidiary of Arabic numerals and blue steel hands. The lower half of the dial showcases the battle of Arcola in polychrome enamel, where Napoleon is seen riding a black horse onto the bridge with his troops. The Croatian and Austrian forces are seen firing cannon on the right. The central part of the bridge has a semi-circular opening that reveals a rotating disc painted with cavalry riders appearing to charge across the bridge while the watch is in operation. The text, “Bataille bei Arcola gewonnen von Bonaparte – d16ten Novbr 1795” is displayed above the scene. The matching silver pair cases have a silver pendant and bow, with the inner case bearing faded hallmarks. This antique watch is in excellent condition and is seldom seen with scenes depicting precise historical events. The battle of Arcola took place in Italy in November 1795 when Napoleon, frustrated by his forces’ inability to take Arcole, led Augereau’s troops forward for another assault on the bridge of Arcole over the Alpone River. The watch bears the name G Masterman London but is thought to be of French origin. It has a diameter of 64 mm and a depth of 14 mm. Signed G Masterman London Hallmarked London 1795 Diameter 64 mm Depth 14 mm Materials Silver Enamel
Historical context
Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)
Harrison solves longitude; Mudge invents the lever; Breguet's Paris workshop defines the modern watch.
From 1750 to 1850 the watch became a precision instrument. Mudge's lever escapement, the cylinder escapement, Lépine's thin bar calibre, Breguet's innovations (overcoil, tourbillon, perpétuelle) and the pocket chronometer of Arnold and Earnshaw all date from this period, while verge watches remained common in cheaper production.
Read the period in the timelineMore pocket watches from this periodEarlier: Early Modern Horology
Atlas type guide
Verge and pair-cased watches
After Christiaan Huygens and Robert Hooke applied the balance spring around 1675, the verge watch became a reasonably reliable timekeeper and the minute hand became standard. Through the eighteenth century the typical English watch was a pair-cased verge: a fusee movement with a pierced, engraved balance cock, housed in an inner case and a separate protective outer case, often of repoussé gold, shagreen, tortoiseshell or enamel.
French watches of the same period were thicker 'oignons', later replaced by elegant thinner watches following Jean-Antoine Lépine's bar-bridge calibre of c. 1770. Dutch, Swiss and German makers supplied international markets, and verge watches were made until the mid-nineteenth century as cheaper alternatives to the cylinder and lever.
What to look for
- The pierced balance cock on the backplate: winged (continental) or with a foot (English); its style dates the watch.
- Fusee and chain visible through the movement; key winding through the dial (early) or case back.
- Hallmarks inside English silver or gold cases, which give a date letter.
- Maker's name and serial number engraved on the backplate; watch papers inside outer cases.
- Enamel dials (after c. 1720) versus earlier champlevé metal dials.
Dating clues
- Champlevé dials: c. 1680–1730; white enamel dials thereafter.
- English case hallmarks give the year of assay to within a year.
- Verge watches persisted in cheap production until c. 1850.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:Verge escapement
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