Skip to content
Bracket clock by Robert Williamson, London, c. 1675 — view 1 of 2
View 1 of 2 · Image: Howard Walwyn · original image source (opens another website in a new tab)

Clocks · Bracket clock

Bracket clock by Robert Williamson, London, c. 1675

DocumentedDocumented from a dealer's listing; attribution and date as stated by the dealer.
Maker / attribution
Robert Williamson (maker)
Date
c. 1675
Country of origin
England
Place
London
Object type
Bracket clock
Stock no.
SKU 504
Credit line
Dealer listing, Howard Walwyn (SKU 504)
Catalogue title (original)
ROBERT WILLIAMSON LONDINI. An exceptional Charles II period table clock of rare small size by this fine early maker. (English)

View the source record (dealer listing) ↗ (opens another website in a new tab)Suggest a correction

Record summary

Catalogued by Howard Walwyn Fine Antique Clocks (dealer), London (stock number SKU 504), this is a bracket clock by Robert Williamson, made in London, England, dated c. 1675. The Atlas places it in the Early Modern Horology period (1600 – 1750) of its Clocks collection. The record is illustrated with 2 photographs.

Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.

Catalogue description

Dealer description — Howard Walwyn

An exceptional Charles II period olivewood and ebonised table clock of rare small size by this fine early maker. The 8-day movement, which sounds the hours with a single bell on an inside count wheel, has a restored verge escapement and short bob pendulum. The beautiful fire gilt 5 ½-inch dial has the early type of winged cherub corner spandrels and a chapter ring with narrow inside quarter marker band and a similar outer band for the minutes. The blued steel hands are finely wrought and facetted. The date work is inset above VI o’ clock. The elegant shallow dome top case is constructed primarily of oak carcase wood and veneered with highly patinated olivewood and ebonised mouldings and barley twist pillars. The square dial movement is surmounted by a finely pierced wooden sound fret to the entablature. The shallow domed top has a Phase I Knibb-type brass carrying handle and four turned ebony ball finials. It stands on four turned ebonised wooden feet. Date : circa 1675 Height of case : 12 ½ in (31 ⅜ cm) excl. handle Width of case : 9 ¾ in (24.5 cm) Depth of case : 6 ¾ in (17 cm) * Robert Williamson served his apprenticeship with John Harris from 1658-1666 when he was ‘freed’ of The Clockmakers’ Company . He had his own workshops in St Bartholemew’s Lane until his death in 1704. In 1695 he was made Warden of the Clockmakers’ Company and he became Master in 1698 . Small early spring clocks veneered in olivewood were only made over a short period of time and this example is possibly the earliest one known. Provenance: Purchased at Phillips Auctions, Bond Street by Michael Hurst, a highly respected founder member of the Antiquarian Horological Society, in the late 1950s. This stunning little clock was exhibited at the Antiquarian Horological Society 10 th Anniversary exhibition at the Science Museum in August 1963.

Historical context

Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)

Huygens' pendulum and balance spring transform accuracy; English makers develop the anchor and deadbeat escapements.

Huygens's pendulum (1656–57) improved clock accuracy from about a quarter of an hour to under a minute a day. The anchor escapement (c. 1670) and the long seconds pendulum created the longcase clock; London makers such as Fromanteel, Knibb, Tompion and Quare led European clockmaking, and French makers created the Boulle pendule.

Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Renaissance Horology

Atlas type guide

Bracket, table and spring-driven clocks

Spring-driven clocks freed timekeeping from the hanging weight. The coiled mainspring, documented from the fifteenth century, made portable table clocks possible; to even out its declining force, makers used the fusee, a conical pulley connected to the barrel by a gut line or chain. Renaissance table clocks from Augsburg and Nuremberg — drum-shaped, square or tower-shaped in gilt brass — were luxury scientific objects, often with astronomical dials and alarms.

After the pendulum, English makers developed the bracket clock: a wooden case with a carrying handle, a short pendulum with a verge escapement, and often repeating work to sound the hours on demand at night. Later examples use the anchor escapement. In the nineteenth century, 'table clock' became a broad term for spring clocks of every nationality.

What to look for

  • A fusee in the movement (cone-shaped pulley) and the type of line — gut or chain.
  • Verge escapement with a short bob pendulum, often with a decoratively engraved backplate.
  • Repeat cords or buttons that make the clock strike again on demand.
  • Gilt-brass engraved cases and horizontal dials on Renaissance pieces.
  • Case shapes: inverted bell, bell top, break-arch, lancet or balloon.

Dating clues

  • Drum and tower table clocks: c. 1520–1650.
  • Ebony veneered English bracket clocks with verge escapements: c. 1670–1800.
  • Engraved backplates were usual on English clocks until c. 1800, then generally plain.

General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.

Read next:FuseeAnchor (recoil) escapement

Related records