
Clocks · Bracket clock
Bracket clock by Markwick Markham and Perigal, London, c. 1785
- Maker / attribution
- Markwick Markham and Perigal (maker)
- Date
- c. 1785
- Historical period
- Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)
- Country of origin
- England
- Place
- London
- Object type
- Bracket clock
- Materials / technique
- ormolu, tortoiseshell
- Dimensions
- Height 37 cm
- Stock no.
- SKU 274
- Credit line
- Dealer listing, Howard Walwyn (SKU 274)
- Catalogue title (original)
- MARKWICK MARKHAM AND PERIGAL. A fine and rare 18th century ormolu mounted tortoiseshell musical table clock of small size made for the Ottoman Market. (English)
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Record summary
Catalogued by Howard Walwyn Fine Antique Clocks (dealer), London (stock number SKU 274), this is a bracket clock by Markwick Markham and Perigal, made in London, England, dated c. 1785. The Atlas places it in the Precision & Scientific Horology period (1750 – 1850) of its Clocks collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: ormolu, tortoiseshell. Recorded dimensions: Height 37 cm. The record is illustrated with 5 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Dealer description — Howard Walwyn
A fine and rare 18 th century ormolu mounted tortoiseshell musical table clock of small size made for the Ottoman Market. The elaborate case which stands on foliate scroll feet rises above four corner urn finials to a cupola mounted with four panels of foliate lattice work and a flambeau urn finial at the top. The 4¼ inch arched dial is decorated with rich green and blue floral and foliate enamels against a silvered background. The two white enamel dials in the arch are for chime / not chime and a second subsidiary dial giving a choice of four tunes. The main dial has Turkish hour numerals and Arabic five minute markers. The beautifully pierced gilt brass pointers are fully engraved. The three train fusee movement has seven knopped pillars with a knife-edge verge escapement. The hours are sounded on a single bell and the tunes played every three hours on a run of eight bells and twelve hammers. The backplate, which is signed Markwick Markham Perigal , is profusely engraved with flowers and foliage. Date : circa 1785 Height : 14 in (37 cm) excluding finial Width : 9 ½ in (24 cm) Depth : 7 ½ in (19 cm) * The name Markwick Markham had died out in 1741 with the death of Robert Markham, the son-in-law of James Markwick. It continued to be used by a number of clockmakers producing clocks for the Ottoman Market probably for the sake of continuity and confidence with their Turkish clients. Among them Henry Borrell, William Kipling and Francis Perigal. This clock was almost certainly made by Francis Perigal who was working in Bond Street. He was Watchmaker to the King between 1770 and 1794. This clock is very similar to one made and sold by Borrell under the name Markwick Markham Borrell we previously owned. The latter is illustrated in Ian White’s English Clocks for the Eastern Market , fig 9.17. HW5864
Historical context
Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)
Harrison solves longitude; Mudge invents the lever; Breguet's Paris workshop defines the modern watch.
The age of the deadbeat escapement, compensated pendulums and observatory regulators. Domestic clocks spread through the middle classes: English longcase and bracket clocks, French gilt-bronze mantel clocks, Viennese Biedermeier wall clocks, Black Forest painted-shield clocks, and the first American shelf clocks.
Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Early Modern Horology
Atlas type guide
Bracket, table and spring-driven clocks
Spring-driven clocks freed timekeeping from the hanging weight. The coiled mainspring, documented from the fifteenth century, made portable table clocks possible; to even out its declining force, makers used the fusee, a conical pulley connected to the barrel by a gut line or chain. Renaissance table clocks from Augsburg and Nuremberg — drum-shaped, square or tower-shaped in gilt brass — were luxury scientific objects, often with astronomical dials and alarms.
After the pendulum, English makers developed the bracket clock: a wooden case with a carrying handle, a short pendulum with a verge escapement, and often repeating work to sound the hours on demand at night. Later examples use the anchor escapement. In the nineteenth century, 'table clock' became a broad term for spring clocks of every nationality.
What to look for
- A fusee in the movement (cone-shaped pulley) and the type of line — gut or chain.
- Verge escapement with a short bob pendulum, often with a decoratively engraved backplate.
- Repeat cords or buttons that make the clock strike again on demand.
- Gilt-brass engraved cases and horizontal dials on Renaissance pieces.
- Case shapes: inverted bell, bell top, break-arch, lancet or balloon.
Dating clues
- Drum and tower table clocks: c. 1520–1650.
- Ebony veneered English bracket clocks with verge escapements: c. 1670–1800.
- Engraved backplates were usual on English clocks until c. 1800, then generally plain.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:Anchor (recoil) escapement
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