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Bracket clock by Joseph Knibb, London, c. 1680–1685 — view 1 of 3
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Clocks · Bracket clock

Bracket clock by Joseph Knibb, London, c. 1680–1685

DocumentedDocumented from a dealer's listing; attribution and date as stated by the dealer.
Maker / attribution
Joseph Knibb (maker)
Date
c. 1680–1685
Country of origin
England
Place
London
Object type
Bracket clock
Stock no.
SKU 503
Credit line
Dealer listing, Howard Walwyn (SKU 503)
Catalogue title (original)
JOSEPH KNIBB Londini Fecit. A very rare grande sonnerie striking spring table clock by this preeminent clockmaker. (English)

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Record summary

Catalogued by Howard Walwyn Fine Antique Clocks (dealer), London (stock number SKU 503), this is a bracket clock by Joseph Knibb, made in London, England, dated c. 1680–1685. The Atlas places it in the Early Modern Horology period (1600 – 1750) of its Clocks collection. The record is illustrated with 3 photographs.

Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.

Catalogue description

Dealer description — Howard Walwyn

A very rare grande sonnerie striking spring table clock by this preeminent clockmaker. The phase 3 case , veneered with ebony with applied gilt brass mounts and brass carrying handle, stands only 11 ¾ inches high and is of typical Knibb form. The 6 ¼ inch square brass dial is mounted with a silvered chapter ring and wing and cherub spandrels to the four corners. The centre is finely matted with elegant pierced and faceted pointers and there is a chamfered inset date aperture below XII. The three-train movement employs Knibb’s grande sonnerie striking system. The front plate to the movement is divided into three – a rare feature used to facilitate dismantling individual trains. As can be seen from the front plate, there are ten latched pillars which also hold the divided front plates together. The photograph of the backplate of the movement illustrates the link between the quarter countwheel and the hour countwheel. The fine early foliage and tulip engraving can be seen surrounding the crescent signature Joseph Knibb Londini Fecit . Date: circa 1680-1685 Height : 11 ¾ in (29.75 cm) Width : 9 ⅝ in (24.5 cm) Depth : 6 ½ in (15.75 cm) * Grande sonnerie striking clocks are by far the rarest and most sought after table clocks of the period. This particular example dates from circa 1680-1685 and is small and very elegant. The verge escapement and the quarter work have had restoration as one would expect to find in a small clock of such complexity and such an early date. Most importantly, any remedial work has been done sympathetically and the clock retains a beautiful old patina commensurate with its great age. HW6102

Historical context

Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)

Huygens' pendulum and balance spring transform accuracy; English makers develop the anchor and deadbeat escapements.

Huygens's pendulum (1656–57) improved clock accuracy from about a quarter of an hour to under a minute a day. The anchor escapement (c. 1670) and the long seconds pendulum created the longcase clock; London makers such as Fromanteel, Knibb, Tompion and Quare led European clockmaking, and French makers created the Boulle pendule.

Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Renaissance Horology

Atlas type guide

Bracket, table and spring-driven clocks

Spring-driven clocks freed timekeeping from the hanging weight. The coiled mainspring, documented from the fifteenth century, made portable table clocks possible; to even out its declining force, makers used the fusee, a conical pulley connected to the barrel by a gut line or chain. Renaissance table clocks from Augsburg and Nuremberg — drum-shaped, square or tower-shaped in gilt brass — were luxury scientific objects, often with astronomical dials and alarms.

After the pendulum, English makers developed the bracket clock: a wooden case with a carrying handle, a short pendulum with a verge escapement, and often repeating work to sound the hours on demand at night. Later examples use the anchor escapement. In the nineteenth century, 'table clock' became a broad term for spring clocks of every nationality.

What to look for

  • A fusee in the movement (cone-shaped pulley) and the type of line — gut or chain.
  • Verge escapement with a short bob pendulum, often with a decoratively engraved backplate.
  • Repeat cords or buttons that make the clock strike again on demand.
  • Gilt-brass engraved cases and horizontal dials on Renaissance pieces.
  • Case shapes: inverted bell, bell top, break-arch, lancet or balloon.

Dating clues

  • Drum and tower table clocks: c. 1520–1650.
  • Ebony veneered English bracket clocks with verge escapements: c. 1670–1800.
  • Engraved backplates were usual on English clocks until c. 1800, then generally plain.

General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.

Read next:FuseeAnchor (recoil) escapement

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