Pocket Watches · Watch
Watch by Rouhier, France, 1600–1615
- Maker / attribution
- Rouhier (Horloger)
- Date
- 1600–1615
- Historical period
- Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)
- Country of origin
- France
- Place
- Dijon
- Object type
- Watch
- Materials / technique
- rock crystal, gold
- Dimensions
- height 4,8 cm; width 2,7 cm; thickness 2,3 cm
- Holding institution
- Musée du Louvre, Paris
- Accession / object no.
- OA 681
- Credit line
- Musée du Louvre, Département des Objets d'art du Moyen Age, de la Renaissance et des temps modernes
- Catalogue title (original)
- Montre octogonale (French)
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Record summary
Held and catalogued by Musée du Louvre, Paris (object number OA 681), this is a watch by Rouhier, made in Dijon, France, dated 1600–1615. The Atlas places it in the Early Modern Horology period (1600 – 1750) of its Pocket Watches collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: rock crystal, gold. Recorded dimensions: height 4,8 cm; width 2,7 cm; thickness 2,3 cm. The record is illustrated with 6 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Catalogue description — Musée du Louvre (French)
Montre octogonale, boîtier en cristal de roche taillé à facettes muni d'armatures en laiton doré, gravées de stries et de feuillages. Base du pendant en forme de chapiteau gravée d'un carquois et d'un arc sur un côté, d'un coeur sur l'autre. Cadran à chiffres romains gravé sur son pourtour de rinceaux fleuris, d'une tête d'angelot et d'un coeur enflammé, centre orné d'un paysage. Aiguille en forme de lézard émaillé de vert translucide. Echappement à roue de rencontre, fusée avec corde à boyau. Coq et cliquet repercés et gravés de rinceaux fleuris. Le mouvement, visible à travers la boîte de cristal, porte la signature : Rouhier / ADijon (signature ponctuée d'une fleurette). Bélière et anneau dorés. Or, laiton, cristal de roche, émail. Dijon, début XVIIème siècle.
Shown in the original language of the source catalogue. An editor-reviewed English translation has not yet been published; we do not publish machine translations as authoritative text.
Dating and period as catalogued (French)
Epoque / période : Henri IV (1589-1610) (Occident->Renaissance->dynastie des Bourbons) · · Date de création/fabrication : 1600 - 1615
Shown in the original language of the source catalogue. An editor-reviewed English translation has not yet been published; we do not publish machine translations as authoritative text.
Materials and techniques as catalogued (French)
Matériau : cristal de roche · Matériau : or · Matériau : · Technique : émaillé = émaillage = émail = émaux (techniques métal)
Shown in the original language of the source catalogue. An editor-reviewed English translation has not yet been published; we do not publish machine translations as authoritative text.
Inscriptions & marks
Signature : ; mouvement signé : Rouhier ADijon [signature ponctuée d'une fleurette]
Provenance
collection Alexandre-Charles Sauvageot (1781-1860) ; acquise avant 1828, cf. le Livre d'achat n° 731 : "Petite montre en cristal de roche, forme à 6 pans, aiguille lézard émaillé sur or / 60 francs" ; minute de la donation Sauvageot 1DD139 série K n° 2 p. 175 ; donation acceptée en 1856, acte notarié le 6 mars 1857, n° 1357 : "Petite montre en cristal de roche, forme séxagone cadran en cuivre doré, aiguilles formées d’un lézard émaillé, estimée cent-trente francs".
Historical context
Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)
Huygens' pendulum and balance spring transform accuracy; English makers develop the anchor and deadbeat escapements.
The balance spring (c. 1675) improved watches dramatically and introduced the minute hand. English pair-cased verge watches with pierced balance cocks and French oignons were typical; enamel painting at Blois and Geneva, and the repeating watch (1680s), made watches objects of great refinement.
Read the period in the timelineMore pocket watches from this periodEarlier: Renaissance Horology
Atlas type guide
Pocket watches
The pocket watch was the dominant personal timekeeper from the late seventeenth century until the First World War. Its development tracks the history of the escapement: verge watches with fusees until the late eighteenth century; Thomas Mudge's lever escapement (c. 1755) and the cylinder escapement popularised by George Graham and later by Swiss makers; and the Swiss and English lever watches of the nineteenth century. Lépine's bar-bridge calibre and keyless winding made watches thinner and easier to use.
Industrialisation transformed the trade: American factories such as Waltham (from 1850) and Elgin produced interchangeable parts by machine, and Swiss makers responded with their own mechanisation after the 1876 Philadelphia Exhibition. By 1900 a reliable watch was affordable to millions; the finest makers continued to produce complications and precision watches.
What to look for
- The escapement: verge (crown wheel), cylinder, duplex, English or Swiss lever.
- Key winding (a square arbor in dial or back) or keyless crown winding.
- Signatures and serial numbers on the movement, dial and inside case back.
- Hallmarks, case maker's marks and gold or silver standards stamped in the case.
- Dial material: enamel, silver, gold, later printed metal.
Dating clues
- Verge watches dominate before c. 1800; cylinder watches c. 1770–1900; lever watches after c. 1820.
- Keyless winding: increasingly common after c. 1860.
- Manufacturer serial number lists exist for Waltham, Elgin, Longines, Omega, Patek Philippe and others.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:Verge escapementDetached lever escapementIdentification Centre
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