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Clocks · Bracket clock

Walnut table clock by Richard Baker, London

DocumentedDocumented from a dealer's listing; attribution and date as stated by the dealer.
Maker / attribution
Richard Baker (maker)
Date
c. 1695
Country of origin
England
Place
London
Object type
Bracket clock
Materials / technique
walnut
Dimensions
Height 37 cm
Stock no.
Product 2461
Credit line
Dealer listing, The Antique Clock Company (product 2461)
Catalogue title (original)
A VERY FINE WALNUT TABLE CLOCK – RICHARD BAKER OF LONDON (English)

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Record summary

Catalogued by The Antique Clock Company (dealer), Dorset (stock number Product 2461), this is a bracket clock by Richard Baker, made in London, England, dated c. 1695. The Atlas places it in the Early Modern Horology period (1600 – 1750) of its Clocks collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: walnut. Recorded dimensions: Height 37 cm. The record is illustrated with 3 photographs.

Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.

Catalogue description

Dealer description — The Antique Clock Company

A very fine quality Walnut veneered, 8-day striking table clock by the celebrated Richard Baker of London, which dates from the late 17th Century. The case being walnut, veneered onto an oak carcass with an eagle and dolphin handle over the elaborate gilt-brass repoussé basket top decorated with flowers, cherubs, and fruits with a brass carrying handle, four urn finials and brass feet. A very good quality 6 ½” square gilt-brass dial with four winged cherub spandrels, strike/silent above XII of the silvered, engraved chapter ring, featuring Roman numerals, half hour markers, and Arabic numerals outside of the division ring. The centre of the dial being matted with ringed winding holes and a decorated date aperture under XII, complimented with finely pierced blued steel hands. The movement of 8-day duration with original verge escapement and short bob pendulum is rack striking, sounding the hours to a bell with an independent repeat system striking both the hours and quarters on both bells. The stunning all-over tulip engraved backplate within a line border is signed in an arc Richard Baker, Londini Fecit . A highly attractive, collectable and truly outstanding clock from the golden age of clock making. Richard Baker: Apprenticed through the Blacksmiths` Company to John Chatfield before changing to Richard Browne in 1683. He gained his Freedom of the Clockmakers` Company by redemption by order of the Lord Mayor in 1685. He is described as a `Great Clockmaker` and took on many apprentices including Peter Garon in April 1687. When Garon was Freed seven years later, the Clockmakers Company fined him for having “trained an alien” and having too many apprentices. His widow continued the business for at least another 18 years. Comparative Literature: Brian Loomes – The Early Clockmakers of Great Britain Height: 14 ½ ” or 37cm (Handle up) *Pictures taken prior to restoration* *This clock is delivered and set up for free within the UK. We regularly ship clocks all over the world with our approved and well-established Antiques and Fine Art Packers & Shippers. Please ask for a quote should you require this service.

Provenance

Private collection USA

Historical context

Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)

Huygens' pendulum and balance spring transform accuracy; English makers develop the anchor and deadbeat escapements.

Huygens's pendulum (1656–57) improved clock accuracy from about a quarter of an hour to under a minute a day. The anchor escapement (c. 1670) and the long seconds pendulum created the longcase clock; London makers such as Fromanteel, Knibb, Tompion and Quare led European clockmaking, and French makers created the Boulle pendule.

Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Renaissance Horology

Atlas type guide

Bracket, table and spring-driven clocks

Spring-driven clocks freed timekeeping from the hanging weight. The coiled mainspring, documented from the fifteenth century, made portable table clocks possible; to even out its declining force, makers used the fusee, a conical pulley connected to the barrel by a gut line or chain. Renaissance table clocks from Augsburg and Nuremberg — drum-shaped, square or tower-shaped in gilt brass — were luxury scientific objects, often with astronomical dials and alarms.

After the pendulum, English makers developed the bracket clock: a wooden case with a carrying handle, a short pendulum with a verge escapement, and often repeating work to sound the hours on demand at night. Later examples use the anchor escapement. In the nineteenth century, 'table clock' became a broad term for spring clocks of every nationality.

What to look for

  • A fusee in the movement (cone-shaped pulley) and the type of line — gut or chain.
  • Verge escapement with a short bob pendulum, often with a decoratively engraved backplate.
  • Repeat cords or buttons that make the clock strike again on demand.
  • Gilt-brass engraved cases and horizontal dials on Renaissance pieces.
  • Case shapes: inverted bell, bell top, break-arch, lancet or balloon.

Dating clues

  • Drum and tower table clocks: c. 1520–1650.
  • Ebony veneered English bracket clocks with verge escapements: c. 1670–1800.
  • Engraved backplates were usual on English clocks until c. 1800, then generally plain.

General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.

Read next:FuseeAnchor (recoil) escapement

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