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Three Colour Gold Verge, c. 1780 — view 1 of 4
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Pocket Watches · Pocket watch

Three Colour Gold Verge, c. 1780

DocumentedDocumented from a dealer's listing; attribution and date as stated by the dealer.
Maker / attribution
Unrecorded in source
Date
c. 1780
Country of origin
Unrecorded in source
Object type
Pocket watch
Materials / technique
gold
Stock no.
Product 4638
Credit line
Dealer listing, WatchMuseum.org shop (product 4638)
Catalogue title (original)
Three Colour Gold Verge (English)

View the source record (dealer listing) ↗ (opens another website in a new tab)Suggest a correction

Record summary

Catalogued by WatchMuseum.org shop (stock number Product 4638), this is a pocket watch, dated c. 1780. The Atlas places it in the Precision & Scientific Horology period (1750 – 1850) of its Pocket Watches collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: gold. The record is illustrated with 4 photographs.

Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.

Catalogue description

Dealer description — WatchMuseum.org shop

Step back in time with the exquisite THREE COLOUR GOLD VERGE, a remarkable timepiece from circa 1780 that epitomizes the artistry and craftsmanship of the late 18th Century. This historical watch showcases a verge movement encased in a breathtaking stone-set three-color gold consular case, making it a true collector’s item. The full plate fire gilt movement, adorned with round pillars, features intricate engravings, a pierced cock, and a silver regulator disc, all of which highlight the meticulous attention to detail. Complementing the movement is a white enamel dial with Roman and Arabic numerals, seamlessly blending functionality with elegance. The 18 carat continental consular case stands out with an engine-turned back, adorned with applied three-color gold decorations and bordered by white stones. The bezel, crafted from two-color gold and set with a single row of white stones, further enhances the watch’s luxurious appeal. Unique in its combination of a continental case and dial with an English movement, this timepiece likely reflects either a bespoke commission or the importation of components by an English watchmaker, adding an intriguing layer to its provenance. Signed by A James of Change Alley, London, this 42 mm diameter and 10 mm depth watch is not just a timepiece but a testament to the rich heritage and exceptional skill of its era. This late 18th Century watch features a verge movement housed in a stunning stone-set three-color gold consular case. The full plate fire gilt movement has round pillars and is beautifully engraved with a pierced cock and silver regulator disc. It also boasts a plain three-arm steel balance and a blue steel spiral hairspring. The white enamel dial, with its Roman and Arabic numerals, is wound through and complements the overall aesthetic of the watch. The 18 carat continental consular case is a highlight, featuring an engine-turned back with applied three-color gold decoration and a border of white stones. The bezel is also two-color gold and set with a single row of white stones. What makes this watch particularly unique is that it combines a continental case and dial with an English movement, suggesting either a special customer request or the importation of the case and dial by an English watchmaker. Overall, this timepiece is a striking example of the craftsmanship and attention to detail characteristic of the late 18th Century. Signed A James Change Alley London Circa 1780 Diameter 42 mm Depth 10 mm

Historical context

Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)

Harrison solves longitude; Mudge invents the lever; Breguet's Paris workshop defines the modern watch.

From 1750 to 1850 the watch became a precision instrument. Mudge's lever escapement, the cylinder escapement, Lépine's thin bar calibre, Breguet's innovations (overcoil, tourbillon, perpétuelle) and the pocket chronometer of Arnold and Earnshaw all date from this period, while verge watches remained common in cheaper production.

Read the period in the timelineMore pocket watches from this periodEarlier: Early Modern Horology

Atlas type guide

Verge and pair-cased watches

After Christiaan Huygens and Robert Hooke applied the balance spring around 1675, the verge watch became a reasonably reliable timekeeper and the minute hand became standard. Through the eighteenth century the typical English watch was a pair-cased verge: a fusee movement with a pierced, engraved balance cock, housed in an inner case and a separate protective outer case, often of repoussé gold, shagreen, tortoiseshell or enamel.

French watches of the same period were thicker 'oignons', later replaced by elegant thinner watches following Jean-Antoine Lépine's bar-bridge calibre of c. 1770. Dutch, Swiss and German makers supplied international markets, and verge watches were made until the mid-nineteenth century as cheaper alternatives to the cylinder and lever.

What to look for

  • The pierced balance cock on the backplate: winged (continental) or with a foot (English); its style dates the watch.
  • Fusee and chain visible through the movement; key winding through the dial (early) or case back.
  • Hallmarks inside English silver or gold cases, which give a date letter.
  • Maker's name and serial number engraved on the backplate; watch papers inside outer cases.
  • Enamel dials (after c. 1720) versus earlier champlevé metal dials.

Dating clues

  • Champlevé dials: c. 1680–1730; white enamel dials thereafter.
  • English case hallmarks give the year of assay to within a year.
  • Verge watches persisted in cheap production until c. 1850.

General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.

Read next:FuseeVerge escapement

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