
Pocket Watches · Calendar watch
Silver pair-cased verge watch with date indicator
- Maker / attribution
- Robert Grinkin (junior) (Made by)
- Date
- 1640–1650
- Historical period
- Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)
- Country of origin
- England
- Place
- London (England)
- Object type
- Calendar watch
- Materials / technique
- brass, leather, silver
- Dimensions
- Diameter: 56.80 millimetres (case)
- Holding institution
- British Museum
- Accession / object no.
- 1888,1201.224
- Credit line
- British Museum, London
- Catalogue title (original)
- Silver pair-cased verge watch with date indicator (English)
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Record summary
Held and catalogued by British Museum (object number 1888,1201.224), this is a calendar watch by Robert Grinkin (junior), made in London (England), dated 1640–1650. The Atlas places it in the Early Modern Horology period (1600 – 1750) of its Pocket Watches collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: brass, leather, silver. Recorded dimensions: Diameter: 56.80 millimetres (case). The record is illustrated with 4 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Description — British Museum
Movement frame: Circular gilt-brass plates with four pierced Egyptian pillars. A hole in the pillar-plate for the potence. Mainspring & set-up: Gilt-brass barrel with dovetailed cap and riveted steel hook. Tangent-screw set-up on the potence plate, the worm gear between two cut steel brackets. Silver index disc engraved 1-8. Indicator missing. Fusee & stop-work: Gilt-brass fusee with gut line and English stop-work, the spring with a decoratively shaped foot. Train: Gilt-brass train of three wheels, the second and contrate wheels each with a domed collet and three crossings. Train-count: Gt wheel 60 (with pinion of 6 to motion work). 2nd wheel 50/5 Contrate wheel 44/5 Escape wheel 15/5. Escapement & balance: Verge escapement, the crown wheel runs between riveted potence and counter-potence, each with hatched decoration on the visible side. The verge and two arm steel balance are not original. Pierced and engraved foliate balance cock pinned to a stud on the potence-plate. DIAL: Gilt-brass dial with an outer engraved border surrounding a fixed silver calendar ring engraved 1-31. Within this a rotating gilt-brass ring carries a pointer to show the date. In the middle a fixed silver dial with Roman hours, I-XII, fleur-de-lys half-hour marks, and a quarter circle. The centre of the dial is pierced and engraved with realistic flowers over a matted gilt-brass ground. Blued-steel hand. The dial is hinged at XII and there are four lugs which engage in recesses in the case band. Case catch and spring screwed to the inside of the pillar-plate. Cases: Plain silver inner case with a hinged, glazed lid and a rotating cover for the winding hole. Silver pendant, the loose ring now missing. Outer case of leather covered brass with silver rims and silver piqué decoration.
Inscriptions & marks
signature; Robert Grinkin Londini
Provenance
Bequeathed by:, Octavius Morgan; Acquired 1888
Historical context
Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)
Huygens' pendulum and balance spring transform accuracy; English makers develop the anchor and deadbeat escapements.
The balance spring (c. 1675) improved watches dramatically and introduced the minute hand. English pair-cased verge watches with pierced balance cocks and French oignons were typical; enamel painting at Blois and Geneva, and the repeating watch (1680s), made watches objects of great refinement.
Read the period in the timelineMore pocket watches from this periodEarlier: Renaissance Horology
Atlas type guide
Calendar, moon-phase and perpetual calendar watches
Calendar complications range from a simple date to the perpetual calendar, which automatically allows for months of different lengths and leap years until 2100. Pocket watches with perpetual calendars were made in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries; Patek Philippe made the first perpetual calendar wristwatch in 1925, and series production followed in 1941. The annual calendar (Patek Philippe, 1996) needs correction only once a year.
Moon-phase displays use a disc with two moons and 59 teeth advanced daily, approximating the 29.5-day lunation; more precise trains reduce the error to one day in over a century.
What to look for
- Apertures or subsidiary dials for day, date, month and leap year.
- Moon disc under a 'bosom' shaped aperture.
- Recessed correctors on the case band for setting the calendar.
Dating clues
- Triple-date wristwatches: popular c. 1940–1955.
- Perpetual calendar wristwatches: from 1925 (unique) and 1941 (series).
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
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