
Clocks · Pendulum clock replica
Pendulum Clock Replica - Galileo, 1642
- Maker / attribution
- A. E. Coke (Maker)
- Date
- 1959
- Historical period
- Modern Mechanical Horology (1945 – 1969)
- Country of origin
- Unrecorded in source
- Place
- Scoresby, Greater Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Object type
- Pendulum clock replica
- Dimensions
- 15 cm (Length), 7 cm (Width), 34 cm (Height); 140 mm (Length), 80 mm (Width), 230 mm (Height)
- Holding institution
- Museums Victoria, Melbourne
- Accession / object no.
- ST 29858
- Catalogue title (original)
- Pendulum Clock Replica - Galileo, 1642 (English)
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Record summary
Held and catalogued by Museums Victoria, Melbourne (object number ST 29858), this is a pendulum clock replica by A. E. Coke, made in Scoresby, Greater Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, dated 1959. The Atlas places it in the Modern Mechanical Horology period (1945 – 1969) of its Clocks collection. Recorded dimensions: 15 cm (Length), 7 cm (Width), 34 cm (Height); 140 mm (Length), 80 mm (Width), 230 mm (Height). The record is illustrated with 5 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Summary — Museums Victoria
Model of a pendulum clock designed by Galileo (1564-1642) shortly before his death and partly constructed by his son Vincenzio in 1649. Galileo was the first to suggest using a pendulum to more accurately control the rate of a clock. He had used a pendulum as a timekeeper while making astronomical observations. The first practical pendulum clock was designed by Huygens in 1657. Replica based on drawings made after Galileo's death and subsequent models constructed in the 19th century. This model made by A.E. Coke, Scoresby, Victoria, 1959.
Physical description — Museums Victoria
Mechanism held between two brass strips, mainspring in brass drum turns large cog wheel that drives gears. The pendulum connects via an escapement that is part verge and part anchor.
Provenance
Commission from A. E. Coke, 1959
Historical context
Modern Mechanical Horology (1945 – 1969)
Tool watches for divers, pilots and astronauts; electric watches anticipate the electronic age.
Post-war clocks combined new materials and industrial design: plastic and metal cases, battery-powered transistor movements from the late 1950s, and design classics by George Nelson, Max Bill and others. The first caesium atomic clock (1955) moved the definition of time from astronomy to physics.
Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Golden Age of Mechanical Watchmaking
Atlas type guide
Domestic clocks
A clock combines four systems: a source of power (falling weight, coiled spring, or later electricity), a gear train that divides time, an escapement and oscillator that regulate it (foliot, pendulum or balance), and an indicating system of dial and hands or a bell. Its history runs from the large iron weight-driven clocks of the late thirteenth century to Renaissance spring-driven table clocks, the pendulum revolution of 1656, the factory clocks of the nineteenth century and electric and quartz clocks of the twentieth.
Domestic clocks also reflect regional furniture and decorative traditions — English longcase and bracket clocks, French pendules, Viennese regulators, Black Forest and American shelf clocks — and therefore record changing tastes as much as technical progress.
What to look for
- How the clock is powered: weights, spring barrel, fusee, electric coil.
- The oscillator: foliot, short pendulum, long seconds pendulum or balance.
- Whether it strikes: hour only (count wheel) or hours and quarters (rack striking).
- The maker or retailer's name on dial and movement, and any factory trademarks.
- Signs of alteration — replaced dials, converted escapements, 'married' cases.
Dating clues
- Before 1656 clocks used foliots or balances; after, most domestic clocks have pendulums.
- Anchor escapements spread after c. 1670; minute hands became common at the same time.
- Factory production in America and Germany transformed prices after c. 1840.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:Anchor (recoil) escapementFoliot
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