Clocks · Longcase clock
Miniature mahogany longcase clock by Wakefield, Manchester
- Maker / attribution
- Wakefield (maker)
- Date
- c. 1895
- Historical period
- Industrial Revolution (1850 – 1900)
- Country of origin
- England
- Place
- Manchester
- Object type
- Longcase clock
- Materials / technique
- mahogany
- Dimensions
- Height 159 cm
- Stock no.
- Product 2242
- Credit line
- Dealer listing, The Antique Clock Company (product 2242)
- Catalogue title (original)
- MINIATURE MAHOGANY LONGCASE CLOCK – WAKEFIELD – MANCHESTER (English)
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Record summary
Catalogued by The Antique Clock Company (dealer), Dorset (stock number Product 2242), this is a longcase clock by Wakefield, made in Manchester, England, dated c. 1895. The Atlas places it in the Industrial Revolution period (1850 – 1900) of its Clocks collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: mahogany. Recorded dimensions: Height 159 cm. The record is illustrated with 2 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Dealer description — The Antique Clock Company
A miniature 8-day striking longcase clock, standing at only 5ft 3″ tall. This lovely little clock has everything a standard sized longcase can boast, it is weight driven, 8-day duration, striking the ours on a bell. The brass dial has a matted centre, silvered, engraved chapter ring with both Roman and Arabic numerals, signed “ Wm Wakefield, Manchester” . Within the break arch there is a strike/silent subsidiary dial, flanked with spandrels and finished with finely blued steel hands. The small mahogany case has a slender trunk with long shaped door, flanked by blind fret canted corners. The hood with swan neck pediment above the glazed door flanked by turned brass-capped Corinthian columns. A beautiful quality small longcase clock. Height: 62 ¾” (5ft 3″) 159cm (To top of finial)
Historical context
Industrial Revolution (1850 – 1900)
American interchangeable-parts manufacture; railroad time standards; Swiss and German factory systems.
Factory production transformed the clock into an everyday object. American makers (Seth Thomas, Ansonia, Waterbury) and German factories (Junghans, Gustav Becker, Lenzkirch) sold millions of shelf, wall and alarm clocks worldwide; France produced standardised Paris movements and carriage clocks; electric time distribution began.
Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Precision & Scientific Horology
Atlas type guide
Longcase (tall-case or grandfather) clocks
The longcase clock was born from two seventeenth-century innovations: Christiaan Huygens's pendulum (1656–57) and the anchor escapement (c. 1670). A long seconds pendulum, nearly a metre long, swings with a small arc, and enclosing it together with the driving weights in a tall wooden case protected the mechanism and created a new piece of furniture. London makers such as Ahasuerus Fromanteel, Thomas Tompion and Joseph Knibb set the pattern.
By the eighteenth century longcase clocks were made throughout Britain, the Netherlands, Scandinavia (the Swedish Mora clock), France (the Comtoise from the Franche-Comté), Germany and colonial America. Eight-day movements with two weights became standard in better clocks; thirty-hour clocks with one weight and a rope or chain were cheaper alternatives.
What to look for
- Winding holes in the dial: two (eight-day, going and striking) or none (thirty-hour, pulled up by a chain).
- Brass dials with applied chapter rings (earlier) versus painted iron 'white' dials (after c. 1770 in Britain).
- Moon-phase arches, date apertures, seconds dials and maker's name on the dial.
- Case woods and style: ebonised, walnut marquetry, lacquer, oak or mahogany; regional styles from London, Lancashire, Scotland or America.
- Whether the movement and dial match the case — 'marriages' are common.
Dating clues
- Square brass dials suggest c. 1670–1720; arched brass dials c. 1715–1790.
- Painted (white) dials were made by Birmingham dial-makers from about 1772.
- Comtoise clocks with repoussé pendulums are mostly nineteenth century.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:Anchor (recoil) escapementDeadbeat escapementAnchor escapement
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