Clocks · Longcase clock
Longcase clock by Martin Widlund, Finland, 1782
- Maker / attribution
- Martin Widlund (maker)
- Date
- 1782
- Historical period
- Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)
- Country of origin
- Finland
- Place
- Finland, Kokkola
- Object type
- Longcase clock
- Materials / technique
- wood, pine, birch, kellotaulu, metal, tin
- Dimensions
- height: 230 cm
- Holding institution
- Suomen kansallismuseo
- Accession / object no.
- H34018:2
- Credit line
- Suomen kansallismuseo (via Finna)
- Catalogue title (original)
- kaappikello (Finnish)
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Record summary
Held and catalogued by Suomen kansallismuseo (object number H34018:2), this is a longcase clock by Martin Widlund, made in Finland, Kokkola, dated 1782. The Atlas places it in the Precision & Scientific Horology period (1750 – 1850) of its Clocks collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: wood, pine, birch, kellotaulu, metal, tin. Recorded dimensions: height: 230 cm. The record is illustrated with 6 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Description — Suomen kansallismuseo
fyysinen kuvaus: Queen Anne -tyylinen. Kaappi suora, katto kupera, päättyy sorvattuun nuppiin. Kellokotelon sivuilla neljä kierteistä pylvästä. Kapeassa keskiosassa kehystetyt ovipeilit. Maalauskoristelu vuodelta 1782. Pohja vihreä, listat punaiset. Keskiosan peileissä kukkaköynnös punaisine kukkineen ja vihreine lehtineen vaaleanvihreällä pohjalla. Alaosassa kirjoitus HS / MAS / anno 1782 kartussin ympäröimänä. Yläosassa teksti: Klåckan slår och tiden går [...] nu [...]. Keskiosan sivulaudoissa marmorointi. Kellon taulu neliön muotoinen, tinainen, kulmissa pronssinväriset tinakoristeet. Tekijän nimikirjaimet M:W: N:o 117 ovat taulun alalaidassa.
Shown in the original language of the source catalogue. An editor-reviewed English translation has not yet been published; we do not publish machine translations as authoritative text.
Inscriptions & marks
signeeraus: M:W: N:o 117, kellotaulun alalaidassa; kirjoitus: HS MAS anno 1782, kartussin ympäröimänä, kaapin alaosassa; kirjoitus: Klåckan slår och tiden går --- nu ---, kaapin yläosassa
Historical context
Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)
Harrison solves longitude; Mudge invents the lever; Breguet's Paris workshop defines the modern watch.
The age of the deadbeat escapement, compensated pendulums and observatory regulators. Domestic clocks spread through the middle classes: English longcase and bracket clocks, French gilt-bronze mantel clocks, Viennese Biedermeier wall clocks, Black Forest painted-shield clocks, and the first American shelf clocks.
Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Early Modern Horology
Atlas type guide
Longcase (tall-case or grandfather) clocks
The longcase clock was born from two seventeenth-century innovations: Christiaan Huygens's pendulum (1656–57) and the anchor escapement (c. 1670). A long seconds pendulum, nearly a metre long, swings with a small arc, and enclosing it together with the driving weights in a tall wooden case protected the mechanism and created a new piece of furniture. London makers such as Ahasuerus Fromanteel, Thomas Tompion and Joseph Knibb set the pattern.
By the eighteenth century longcase clocks were made throughout Britain, the Netherlands, Scandinavia (the Swedish Mora clock), France (the Comtoise from the Franche-Comté), Germany and colonial America. Eight-day movements with two weights became standard in better clocks; thirty-hour clocks with one weight and a rope or chain were cheaper alternatives.
What to look for
- Winding holes in the dial: two (eight-day, going and striking) or none (thirty-hour, pulled up by a chain).
- Brass dials with applied chapter rings (earlier) versus painted iron 'white' dials (after c. 1770 in Britain).
- Moon-phase arches, date apertures, seconds dials and maker's name on the dial.
- Case woods and style: ebonised, walnut marquetry, lacquer, oak or mahogany; regional styles from London, Lancashire, Scotland or America.
- Whether the movement and dial match the case — 'marriages' are common.
Dating clues
- Square brass dials suggest c. 1670–1720; arched brass dials c. 1715–1790.
- Painted (white) dials were made by Birmingham dial-makers from about 1772.
- Comtoise clocks with repoussé pendulums are mostly nineteenth century.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:Anchor (recoil) escapementDeadbeat escapementAnchor escapement
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