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Pocket Watches · Pocket watch

London cylinder Pocket Watch, 1797

DocumentedDocumented from a dealer's listing; attribution and date as stated by the dealer.
Maker / attribution
Unrecorded in source
Date
1797
Country of origin
England
Object type
Pocket watch
Stock no.
Product 6091
Credit line
Dealer listing, WatchMuseum.org shop (product 6091)
Catalogue title (original)
London cylinder Pocket Watch (English)

View the source record (dealer listing) ↗ (opens another website in a new tab)Suggest a correction

Record summary

Catalogued by WatchMuseum.org shop (stock number Product 6091), this is a pocket watch, made in England, dated 1797. The Atlas places it in the Precision & Scientific Horology period (1750 – 1850) of its Pocket Watches collection. The record is illustrated with 6 photographs.

Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.

Catalogue description

Dealer description — WatchMuseum.org shop

Step back in time with the exquisite London Cylinder Pocket Watch – 1797, a masterpiece that embodies the elegance and craftsmanship of the late 18th century. This remarkable timepiece, with its intricate design and historical significance, is a testament to the artistry and innovation of watchmakers from the era. The pocket watch features a finely crafted cylinder escapement, a revolutionary mechanism at the time, which offers a glimpse into the technological advancements of the period. Its case, meticulously engraved with ornate patterns, reflects the opulence and attention to detail that were hallmarks of the Georgian era. The watch’s face, adorned with Roman numerals and delicate hands, exudes a timeless charm that captivates the beholder. As you hold this piece of history, you are transported to the bustling streets of 18th-century London, where such watches were a symbol of prestige and sophistication. Whether you are a collector of antique timepieces or a history enthusiast, the London Cylinder Pocket Watch – 1797 is not just a watch; it is a portal to a bygone era, offering a unique blend of beauty, heritage, and functionality. This exquisite late 18th century London watch features a cylinder escapement and is housed in a silver pair case. The gilt fusee movement is in excellent condition, with a beautiful engraved and pierced balance cock and Bosley type regulator. The movement also has blued screws and a brass escape wheel, and is running well. The removable gilt dustcap bears the signature “Robt. Fleetwood, Abchurch Lane, London” and is numbered (8702). The white enamel dial, possibly slightly later than the movement, is in excellent condition with only a small flake at the centre. The dial is fitted with gilt brass hands. The inner case is made of silver and bears hallmarks for London, 1797. It is in very good condition and features a sliding shutter cover at the back. The hinge is intact and the bezel snaps shut correctly. The high dome bull’s eye crystal is in fine condition, and the bow and stem appear to be original. The outer case is also made of silver and matches the hallmarks of the inner case. It is in good condition, with a complete hinge, catch, and catch button. The case closes securely, but there is some wear to the catch button and two very small dents on the back. The watch is attributed to Robert Fleetwood, who was active as a watchmaker from 1763 until his death in 1794. It is interesting to note that this particular watch was cased about three years after Fleetwood’s death, which was not uncommon at the time. The serial number (8702) is slightly higher than other known Fleetwood watches. The case maker is believed to be Thomas Gibbard of Smithfield, London. Creator: Robert Fleetwood Place of Origin: London Date of Manufacture: 1797 Silver pair cases, 53 mm Cylinder escapement Condition: Good

Historical context

Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)

Harrison solves longitude; Mudge invents the lever; Breguet's Paris workshop defines the modern watch.

From 1750 to 1850 the watch became a precision instrument. Mudge's lever escapement, the cylinder escapement, Lépine's thin bar calibre, Breguet's innovations (overcoil, tourbillon, perpétuelle) and the pocket chronometer of Arnold and Earnshaw all date from this period, while verge watches remained common in cheaper production.

Read the period in the timelineMore pocket watches from this periodEarlier: Early Modern Horology

Atlas type guide

Pocket watches

The pocket watch was the dominant personal timekeeper from the late seventeenth century until the First World War. Its development tracks the history of the escapement: verge watches with fusees until the late eighteenth century; Thomas Mudge's lever escapement (c. 1755) and the cylinder escapement popularised by George Graham and later by Swiss makers; and the Swiss and English lever watches of the nineteenth century. Lépine's bar-bridge calibre and keyless winding made watches thinner and easier to use.

Industrialisation transformed the trade: American factories such as Waltham (from 1850) and Elgin produced interchangeable parts by machine, and Swiss makers responded with their own mechanisation after the 1876 Philadelphia Exhibition. By 1900 a reliable watch was affordable to millions; the finest makers continued to produce complications and precision watches.

What to look for

  • The escapement: verge (crown wheel), cylinder, duplex, English or Swiss lever.
  • Key winding (a square arbor in dial or back) or keyless crown winding.
  • Signatures and serial numbers on the movement, dial and inside case back.
  • Hallmarks, case maker's marks and gold or silver standards stamped in the case.
  • Dial material: enamel, silver, gold, later printed metal.

Dating clues

  • Verge watches dominate before c. 1800; cylinder watches c. 1770–1900; lever watches after c. 1820.
  • Keyless winding: increasingly common after c. 1860.
  • Manufacturer serial number lists exist for Waltham, Elgin, Longines, Omega, Patek Philippe and others.

General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.

Read next:Verge escapementDetached lever escapementIdentification Centre

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