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J.l. Reutter. an early French Marble Atmos Clock, circa 1930 — view 1 of 4
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Clocks · Clock

J.l. Reutter. an early French Marble Atmos Clock, circa 1930

DocumentedDocumented from an auction catalogue; attribution as stated by the auction house.
Maker / attribution
ATMOS (maker)
Date
c. 1930
Country of origin
France
Object type
Clock
Materials / technique
marble
Lot
Item 134781478
Credit line
Auction lot record: lot 692, Day 3 - Autumn Fine Art Catalogue Sale, Hutchinson Scott Auctioneers (2022), via LiveAuctioneers
Catalogue title (original)
J.L. REUTTER. AN EARLY FRENCH MARBLE ATMOS CLOCK, CIRCA 1930 (English)

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Record summary

Catalogued by LiveAuctioneers auction archive (lot Item 134781478), this is a clock by ATMOS, made in France, dated c. 1930. The Atlas places it in the Golden Age of Mechanical Watchmaking period (1900 – 1945) of its Clocks collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: marble. The record is illustrated with 4 photographs.

Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.

Catalogue description

Lot description — Hutchinson Scott Auctioneers

J.L. REUTTER. AN EARLY FRENCH MARBLE ATMOS CLOCK, CIRCA 1930 the square grey and black veined marble case with graduated stepped sides raised on two block feet. The signed 4 inch square silvered dial with Arabic numerals above a glass aperture displaying the chromium plated torsion pendulum, the movement wound by changes in atmospheric pressure and temperature, numbered 2455 (22.5cm high)

Historical context

Golden Age of Mechanical Watchmaking (1900 – 1945)

The wristwatch displaces the pocket watch; waterproof cases, self-winding and grand complications.

Between 1900 and 1945 clocks were electrified: master-clock systems ran factories and offices, synchronous mains clocks entered homes, and the Shortt free-pendulum clock set new standards of accuracy before the first quartz clocks (1927). Art Deco design reshaped mantel and table clocks.

Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Industrial Revolution

Atlas type guide

Domestic clocks

A clock combines four systems: a source of power (falling weight, coiled spring, or later electricity), a gear train that divides time, an escapement and oscillator that regulate it (foliot, pendulum or balance), and an indicating system of dial and hands or a bell. Its history runs from the large iron weight-driven clocks of the late thirteenth century to Renaissance spring-driven table clocks, the pendulum revolution of 1656, the factory clocks of the nineteenth century and electric and quartz clocks of the twentieth.

Domestic clocks also reflect regional furniture and decorative traditions — English longcase and bracket clocks, French pendules, Viennese regulators, Black Forest and American shelf clocks — and therefore record changing tastes as much as technical progress.

What to look for

  • How the clock is powered: weights, spring barrel, fusee, electric coil.
  • The oscillator: foliot, short pendulum, long seconds pendulum or balance.
  • Whether it strikes: hour only (count wheel) or hours and quarters (rack striking).
  • The maker or retailer's name on dial and movement, and any factory trademarks.
  • Signs of alteration — replaced dials, converted escapements, 'married' cases.

Dating clues

  • Before 1656 clocks used foliots or balances; after, most domestic clocks have pendulums.
  • Anchor escapements spread after c. 1670; minute hands became common at the same time.
  • Factory production in America and Germany transformed prices after c. 1840.

General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.

Read next:Verge escapementAnchor (recoil) escapementFoliot

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