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Pocket Watches · Pocket watch

English clockwatch, pocket Watch, 1660

DocumentedDocumented from a dealer's listing; attribution and date as stated by the dealer.
Maker / attribution
Unrecorded in source
Date
1660
Country of origin
England
Object type
Pocket watch
Stock no.
Product 1581
Credit line
Dealer listing, WatchMuseum.org shop (product 1581)
Catalogue title (original)
ENGLISH CLOCKWATCH Pocket Watch (English)

View the source record (dealer listing) ↗ (opens another website in a new tab)Suggest a correction

Record summary

Catalogued by WatchMuseum.org shop (stock number Product 1581), this is a pocket watch, made in England, dated 1660. The Atlas places it in the Early Modern Horology period (1600 – 1750) of its Pocket Watches collection. The record is illustrated with 6 photographs.

Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.

Catalogue description

Dealer description — WatchMuseum.org shop

The ENGLISH CLOCKWATCH Pocket Watch from 1660 is a breathtaking example of mid-17th century horological craftsmanship, meticulously designed and executed to perfection. Encased in gilt metal pair cases, this verge clockwatch showcases a movement with a deep full plate fire gilt finish and five pillars, including two early Egyptian-form pillars with small galleries, reflecting the intricate artistry of the era. The fusee and chain mechanism, featuring a worm and wheel barrel setup, is ingeniously placed between the plates, while the striking mechanism for hours resonates through a bell situated at the back of the case. The silver count wheel, engraved with Arabic numerals, elegantly indicates the last hour struck, complemented by a later pierced and engraved cock with a small foot on the balance. The plain steel balance and blue steel spiral hairspring, along with the silver regulator disc, highlight the precision engineering of the time. Decorative elements such as the elaborately pierced and chased blue steel gates and the engraved resting barrel seamlessly blend form and function. The white enamel dial, adorned with Roman numerals and gold beetle and poker hands, is supported by a decoratively engraved dial plate with short turned feet. Signed by Peter Bell of London, this exceptional timepiece, crafted around 1660, is further enhanced by purpose-made pierced and engraved gilt metal pair cases with an inner bell, making it a true masterpiece of historical significance and aesthetic beauty. This is a stunning mid 17th Century English verge clockwatch housed in gilt metal pair cases. The movement is beautifully crafted with a deep full plate fire gilt finish and five pillars, including two early Egyptian-form pillars with small galleries. The fusee and chain features a worm and wheel barrel setup located between the plates, and the striking mechanism for hours is passed on a bell located in the back of the case. The silver count wheel is engraved with Arabic numerals indicating the last hour struck, and there is a later pierced and engraved cock with a small foot located on the balance. The balance itself is plain steel, and the hairspring is a blue steel spiral. The regulator disc is silver. The elaborately pierced and chased blue steel gates and the engraved resting barrel provide decoration and functionality. The white enamel dial features Roman numerals and gold beetle and poker hands. The dial plate is decoratively engraved and supported by short turned feet. This clockwatch is signed by Peter Bell of London and was crafted around 1660. The purpose-made pierced and engraved gilt metal pair cases, with an inner bell, round out the exceptional beauty of this piece. Signed Peter Bell London Circa 1660

Historical context

Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)

Huygens' pendulum and balance spring transform accuracy; English makers develop the anchor and deadbeat escapements.

The balance spring (c. 1675) improved watches dramatically and introduced the minute hand. English pair-cased verge watches with pierced balance cocks and French oignons were typical; enamel painting at Blois and Geneva, and the repeating watch (1680s), made watches objects of great refinement.

Read the period in the timelineMore pocket watches from this periodEarlier: Renaissance Horology

Atlas type guide

Pocket watches

The pocket watch was the dominant personal timekeeper from the late seventeenth century until the First World War. Its development tracks the history of the escapement: verge watches with fusees until the late eighteenth century; Thomas Mudge's lever escapement (c. 1755) and the cylinder escapement popularised by George Graham and later by Swiss makers; and the Swiss and English lever watches of the nineteenth century. Lépine's bar-bridge calibre and keyless winding made watches thinner and easier to use.

Industrialisation transformed the trade: American factories such as Waltham (from 1850) and Elgin produced interchangeable parts by machine, and Swiss makers responded with their own mechanisation after the 1876 Philadelphia Exhibition. By 1900 a reliable watch was affordable to millions; the finest makers continued to produce complications and precision watches.

What to look for

  • The escapement: verge (crown wheel), cylinder, duplex, English or Swiss lever.
  • Key winding (a square arbor in dial or back) or keyless crown winding.
  • Signatures and serial numbers on the movement, dial and inside case back.
  • Hallmarks, case maker's marks and gold or silver standards stamped in the case.
  • Dial material: enamel, silver, gold, later printed metal.

Dating clues

  • Verge watches dominate before c. 1800; cylinder watches c. 1770–1900; lever watches after c. 1820.
  • Keyless winding: increasingly common after c. 1860.
  • Manufacturer serial number lists exist for Waltham, Elgin, Longines, Omega, Patek Philippe and others.

General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.

Read next:Detached lever escapementIdentification Centre

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