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Early verge watch with Garden of Eden automaton — view 1 of 5
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Pocket Watches · Pocket watch

Early verge watch with Garden of Eden automaton

DocumentedDocumented from a dealer's listing; attribution and date as stated by the dealer.
Maker / attribution
Unrecorded in source
Date
1730
Country of origin
England
Object type
Pocket watch
Dimensions
Diameter 52 mm
Stock no.
Product 1579
Credit line
Dealer listing, WatchMuseum.org shop (product 1579)
Catalogue title (original)
Early Verge Pocket Watch with Garden of Eden Automation (English)

Editor's note

'Automation' in the listing title corrected to 'automaton'; the listing describes the watch as English.

View the source record (dealer listing) ↗ (opens another website in a new tab)Suggest a correction

Record summary

Catalogued by WatchMuseum.org shop (stock number Product 1579), this is a pocket watch, made in England, dated 1730. The Atlas places it in the Early Modern Horology period (1600 – 1750) of its Pocket Watches collection. Recorded dimensions: Diameter 52 mm. The record is illustrated with 5 photographs.

Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.

Catalogue description

Dealer description — WatchMuseum.org shop

Step into the enchanting world of 18th-century horology with this extraordinary Early Verge Pocket Watch, adorned with a mesmerizing Garden of Eden automation from circa 1730. This rare English timepiece is a testament to the craftsmanship and artistic ingenuity of its era, featuring a deep full plate fire gilt movement and turned baluster pillars encased in a luxurious consular gold case. The watch’s intricate mechanism includes a fusee and chain with a worm and wheel barrel set up between plates, while the winged cock and regulator plate are left unadorned, allowing the watch’s mechanical elegance to shine. The plain gilt balance is supported by a central stalk, which also carries a wheel driven by another mounted on the contrate wheel arbor. The exquisite white enamel dial, adorned with Roman and Arabic numerals and blue steel beetle and poker hands, features apertures for winding and regulation, adding to its functional beauty. The back of the case reveals an enchanting scene of Eve offering Adam the apple in the Garden of Eden, intricately chased and engraved in gold repousse. As the watch runs, a snake circles the scene, its movement cleverly concealed under the pierced and engraved border of the dust cover. Despite the absence of a signature on the specially designed movement and the undecorated cock, this timepiece remains a rare and exceptional artifact in excellent overall condition, embodying the rich history and exquisite craftsmanship of early 18th-century English watchmaking. With a diameter of 52mm and a depth of 20mm, this watch is a stunning collector’s item that captures the essence of an era long past. This is a remarkable and rare 18th century English verge watch featuring an automated scene encased in a consular gold case. The watch has a deep full plate fire gilt movement with turned baluster pillars, fusee and chain with a worm and wheel barrel set up between plates. The winged cock and regulator plate are left plain without any piercing or engraving. The plain gilt balance is supported by a central stalk, which also carries a wheel driven by another mounted on the contrate wheel arbor. The watch has an exquisite white enamel dial with apertures for winding and regulation. The dial has Roman and Arabic numerals, blue steel beetle and poker hands. The watch case is a plain gold consular case with the maker’s mark “IB”. At the back of the case, there is a glazed aperture that reveals a gold chased and engraved repousse scene showing Eve offering Adam the apple in the Garden of Eden. As the watch runs, a snake circles the scene, its support hidden under the pierced and engraved border of the dust cover. This watch is a rare and exceptional timepiece that is in excellent overall condition. It is surprising that the specially designed movement is not signed, and the maker has not decorated the cock, which remains concealed under the dust ring that is secured by two screws. This watch is signed English and dates back to around 1730. Its diameter is 52mm, and its depth is 20mm. Signed English Circa 1730 Diameter 52 mm Depth 20mm

Historical context

Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)

Huygens' pendulum and balance spring transform accuracy; English makers develop the anchor and deadbeat escapements.

The balance spring (c. 1675) improved watches dramatically and introduced the minute hand. English pair-cased verge watches with pierced balance cocks and French oignons were typical; enamel painting at Blois and Geneva, and the repeating watch (1680s), made watches objects of great refinement.

Read the period in the timelineMore pocket watches from this periodEarlier: Renaissance Horology

Atlas type guide

Verge and pair-cased watches

After Christiaan Huygens and Robert Hooke applied the balance spring around 1675, the verge watch became a reasonably reliable timekeeper and the minute hand became standard. Through the eighteenth century the typical English watch was a pair-cased verge: a fusee movement with a pierced, engraved balance cock, housed in an inner case and a separate protective outer case, often of repoussé gold, shagreen, tortoiseshell or enamel.

French watches of the same period were thicker 'oignons', later replaced by elegant thinner watches following Jean-Antoine Lépine's bar-bridge calibre of c. 1770. Dutch, Swiss and German makers supplied international markets, and verge watches were made until the mid-nineteenth century as cheaper alternatives to the cylinder and lever.

What to look for

  • The pierced balance cock on the backplate: winged (continental) or with a foot (English); its style dates the watch.
  • Fusee and chain visible through the movement; key winding through the dial (early) or case back.
  • Hallmarks inside English silver or gold cases, which give a date letter.
  • Maker's name and serial number engraved on the backplate; watch papers inside outer cases.
  • Enamel dials (after c. 1720) versus earlier champlevé metal dials.

Dating clues

  • Champlevé dials: c. 1680–1730; white enamel dials thereafter.
  • English case hallmarks give the year of assay to within a year.
  • Verge watches persisted in cheap production until c. 1850.

General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.

Read next:Balance spring (hairspring)Verge escapement

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