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Early 19th century French white metal verge pocket watch — view 1 of 1
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Pocket Watches · Pocket watch

Early 19th century French white metal verge pocket watch

DocumentedDocumented from an auction catalogue; attribution as stated by the auction house.
Maker / attribution
Unrecorded in source
Date
Early 19th century
Country of origin
France
Object type
Pocket watch
Dimensions
Diameter 53 mm
Lot
Sale 46, lot 681
Credit line
Auction lot record: lot 681, The Watch Auction - DayTwo, Gardiner Houlgate (21st February 2024)
Catalogue title (original)
Early 19th century French white metal verge pocket watch, the gilt fusee movement signed ph Borel & Comp, no. 1033, with pierced engraved balance bridge, gilt three arm balance and silvered regulating (English)

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Record summary

Catalogued by Gardiner Houlgate (auction house), Corsham (lot Sale 46, lot 681), this is a pocket watch, made in France, dated Early 19th century. The Atlas places it in the Precision & Scientific Horology period (1750 – 1850) of its Pocket Watches collection. Recorded dimensions: Diameter 53 mm. The record is illustrated with 1 photograph.

Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.

Catalogue description

Lot description — Gardiner Houlgate

Early 19th century French white metal verge pocket watch, the gilt fusee movement signed ph Borel & Comp, no. 1033, with pierced engraved balance bridge, gilt three arm balance and silvered regulating disc, the polychrome enamel dial inscribed Liberté Egalité (Liberty Equality) and depicting a French Military gentleman holding a bayonet and stood beside a flag pole, with blue and red Arabic numerals, minute markers, outer quarter Arabic numerals and winding hole at the two position, within a plain consular case, case maker 'D&R', 53mm - ** Liberté, égalité, fraternité is French for liberty, equality, fraternity and is the national motto of France

Historical context

Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)

Harrison solves longitude; Mudge invents the lever; Breguet's Paris workshop defines the modern watch.

From 1750 to 1850 the watch became a precision instrument. Mudge's lever escapement, the cylinder escapement, Lépine's thin bar calibre, Breguet's innovations (overcoil, tourbillon, perpétuelle) and the pocket chronometer of Arnold and Earnshaw all date from this period, while verge watches remained common in cheaper production.

Read the period in the timelineMore pocket watches from this periodEarlier: Early Modern Horology

Atlas type guide

Verge and pair-cased watches

After Christiaan Huygens and Robert Hooke applied the balance spring around 1675, the verge watch became a reasonably reliable timekeeper and the minute hand became standard. Through the eighteenth century the typical English watch was a pair-cased verge: a fusee movement with a pierced, engraved balance cock, housed in an inner case and a separate protective outer case, often of repoussé gold, shagreen, tortoiseshell or enamel.

French watches of the same period were thicker 'oignons', later replaced by elegant thinner watches following Jean-Antoine Lépine's bar-bridge calibre of c. 1770. Dutch, Swiss and German makers supplied international markets, and verge watches were made until the mid-nineteenth century as cheaper alternatives to the cylinder and lever.

What to look for

  • The pierced balance cock on the backplate: winged (continental) or with a foot (English); its style dates the watch.
  • Fusee and chain visible through the movement; key winding through the dial (early) or case back.
  • Hallmarks inside English silver or gold cases, which give a date letter.
  • Maker's name and serial number engraved on the backplate; watch papers inside outer cases.
  • Enamel dials (after c. 1720) versus earlier champlevé metal dials.

Dating clues

  • Champlevé dials: c. 1680–1730; white enamel dials thereafter.
  • English case hallmarks give the year of assay to within a year.
  • Verge watches persisted in cheap production until c. 1850.

General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.

Read next:Balance spring (hairspring)Verge escapement

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