
Clocks · Conical pendulum clock
Conical pendulum clock no. 00116 by Thwaites & Reed Ltd
- Maker / attribution
- Thwaites & Reed Ltd (maker)
- Date
- 1983
- Historical period
- Quartz Revolution (1969 – 1990)
- Country of origin
- England
- Object type
- Conical pendulum clock
- Materials / technique
- metal; glass; wood
- Dimensions
- Overall: 638 mm x 237 mm x 239 mm
- Holding institution
- Royal Museums Greenwich
- Accession / object no.
- ZAA0278
- Credit line
- National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London
- Catalogue title (original)
- 00116 (English)
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Record summary
Held and catalogued by Royal Museums Greenwich (object number ZAA0278), this is a conical pendulum clock by Thwaites & Reed Ltd, made in England, dated 1983. The Atlas places it in the Quartz Revolution period (1969 – 1990) of its Clocks collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: metal; glass; wood. Recorded dimensions: Overall: 638 mm x 237 mm x 239 mm. The record is illustrated with 2 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Catalogue description — Royal Museums Greenwich
Conical pendulum clock. Dial white enamel with Roman numerals for the twelve hours and Arabic numerals denoting the five minute spaces. Black steel hands. In the centre a representation of the sun with rays, and the sky in blue enamel also showing the phases of the moon. The movement and dial are inside a glass-sided Honduras mahogany base. The pendulum is above in a glass dome, the brass pendulum rod and bob suspended from a bell-shaped brass support, within which is the pivot. The lower support plate, round which the pendulum circles, has a design representing the Sun surrounded by stars.
Historical context
Quartz Revolution (1969 – 1990)
Seiko's Astron begins mass quartz timekeeping; traditional industries contract sharply.
Quartz movements and digital displays made accurate clocks cheap and ubiquitous after the early 1970s. LED and LCD clocks, clock radios and radio-controlled clocks appeared, while traditional mechanical clockmaking contracted sharply in Germany, France and Britain.
Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Modern Mechanical Horology
Atlas type guide
Domestic clocks
A clock combines four systems: a source of power (falling weight, coiled spring, or later electricity), a gear train that divides time, an escapement and oscillator that regulate it (foliot, pendulum or balance), and an indicating system of dial and hands or a bell. Its history runs from the large iron weight-driven clocks of the late thirteenth century to Renaissance spring-driven table clocks, the pendulum revolution of 1656, the factory clocks of the nineteenth century and electric and quartz clocks of the twentieth.
Domestic clocks also reflect regional furniture and decorative traditions — English longcase and bracket clocks, French pendules, Viennese regulators, Black Forest and American shelf clocks — and therefore record changing tastes as much as technical progress.
What to look for
- How the clock is powered: weights, spring barrel, fusee, electric coil.
- The oscillator: foliot, short pendulum, long seconds pendulum or balance.
- Whether it strikes: hour only (count wheel) or hours and quarters (rack striking).
- The maker or retailer's name on dial and movement, and any factory trademarks.
- Signs of alteration — replaced dials, converted escapements, 'married' cases.
Dating clues
- Before 1656 clocks used foliots or balances; after, most domestic clocks have pendulums.
- Anchor escapements spread after c. 1670; minute hands became common at the same time.
- Factory production in America and Germany transformed prices after c. 1840.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
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