
Clocks · Bracket clock
Bracket clock by Joseph Knibb, London, c. 1685
- Maker / attribution
- Joseph Knibb (maker)
- Date
- c. 1685
- Historical period
- Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)
- Country of origin
- England
- Place
- London
- Object type
- Bracket clock
- Dimensions
- Height 30 cm
- Stock no.
- SKU 532
- Credit line
- Dealer listing, Howard Walwyn (SKU 532)
- Catalogue title (original)
- JOSEPH KNIBB. A good Charles II period hour striking and repeating Phase III spring table clock. (English)
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Record summary
Catalogued by Howard Walwyn Fine Antique Clocks (dealer), London (stock number SKU 532), this is a bracket clock by Joseph Knibb, made in London, England, dated c. 1685. The Atlas places it in the Early Modern Horology period (1600 – 1750) of its Clocks collection. Recorded dimensions: Height 30 cm. The record is illustrated with 4 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Dealer description — Howard Walwyn
A good Charles II period hour striking and repeating Phase III spring table clock in a domed case veneered with ebony surmounted by a single brass carrying handle and four gilt brass repoussé mounts. The 6 ¼-inch square brass dial with finely matted centre has a silvered chapter ring, winged cherub corner spandrels and a finely matted centre. The blued steel pointers are finely pierced and faceted and the dial plate is signed by the maker below VI. Above XII there is an inset S trike/Silent lever. The 8-day duration movement is fully latched with five finely turned baluster pillars. It has a verge escapement and the hours are sounded on a bell via an inside pivoted rack. The quarters are sounded on a further bell via a brass push/pull repeat bar. The backplate is also signed in an arc Joseph Knibb Londini Fecit and is exquisitely engraved with cut stalk tulips and scrolling leaves. Date : circa 1685 Height : 11 ¾ in (30 cm) excluding handle Width : 9 ⅜ in (23.75 cm) Depth : 6 ¼ in (16 cm) *Joseph Knibb Phase III bracket clocks are amongst the most sought after of any late 17 th century table clocks. Their elegant low dome tops, their small proportions and their shallowness front to back make the cases particularly appealing. Their small 6 inch square dials are also generally without any fussy decoration or heavy ringed winding holes. The thin plates and the delicate refined wheelwork of Knibb movements along with the exquisite tulip engraving on their backplates are further reasons why they are instantly recognizable and generally win the most accolades from collectors and new buyers alike. A very similar clock is illustrated on plate 81 and page 181 of R.A. Lee’s book: The Knibb Family Clockmakers . References: R.A. Lee, The Knibb Family Clockmakers , pl. 80 and p. 181 Dawson, Drover & Parkes, Early English Clocks , pp. 438, pl.636 Sunny Dzik, Engraving on English Table Clocks – Art on a Canvas of Brass 1660- 1800 , pp.132-133 Sunny Dzik, Beneath the Dial – Pull Repeat Striking 1675 – 1725 , pp 187-189 HW6401
Historical context
Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)
Huygens' pendulum and balance spring transform accuracy; English makers develop the anchor and deadbeat escapements.
Huygens's pendulum (1656–57) improved clock accuracy from about a quarter of an hour to under a minute a day. The anchor escapement (c. 1670) and the long seconds pendulum created the longcase clock; London makers such as Fromanteel, Knibb, Tompion and Quare led European clockmaking, and French makers created the Boulle pendule.
Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Renaissance Horology
Atlas type guide
Bracket, table and spring-driven clocks
Spring-driven clocks freed timekeeping from the hanging weight. The coiled mainspring, documented from the fifteenth century, made portable table clocks possible; to even out its declining force, makers used the fusee, a conical pulley connected to the barrel by a gut line or chain. Renaissance table clocks from Augsburg and Nuremberg — drum-shaped, square or tower-shaped in gilt brass — were luxury scientific objects, often with astronomical dials and alarms.
After the pendulum, English makers developed the bracket clock: a wooden case with a carrying handle, a short pendulum with a verge escapement, and often repeating work to sound the hours on demand at night. Later examples use the anchor escapement. In the nineteenth century, 'table clock' became a broad term for spring clocks of every nationality.
What to look for
- A fusee in the movement (cone-shaped pulley) and the type of line — gut or chain.
- Verge escapement with a short bob pendulum, often with a decoratively engraved backplate.
- Repeat cords or buttons that make the clock strike again on demand.
- Gilt-brass engraved cases and horizontal dials on Renaissance pieces.
- Case shapes: inverted bell, bell top, break-arch, lancet or balloon.
Dating clues
- Drum and tower table clocks: c. 1520–1650.
- Ebony veneered English bracket clocks with verge escapements: c. 1670–1800.
- Engraved backplates were usual on English clocks until c. 1800, then generally plain.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:FuseeAnchor (recoil) escapement
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