
Pocket Watches · Pocket watch
Zenith nickel cased lever pocket watch by FS Italian Railway, circa 1926
- Maker / attribution
- FS Italian Railway (maker)
- Date
- c. 1926
- Historical period
- Golden Age of Mechanical Watchmaking (1900 – 1945)
- Country of origin
- Italy
- Object type
- Pocket watch
- Materials / technique
- nickel
- Dimensions
- Diameter 51 mm
- Auction house
- Gardiner Houlgate (auction house), Corsham
- Lot
- Sale 46, lot 654
- Credit line
- Auction lot record: lot 654, The Watch Auction - DayTwo, Gardiner Houlgate (21st February 2024)
- Catalogue title (original)
- FS Italian Railway - Zenith nickel cased lever pocket watch, circa 1926, serial no. 2708513, signed gilt frosted movement, , signed dial with Roman numerals, outer minute markers, subsidiary seconds d (English)
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Record summary
Catalogued by Gardiner Houlgate (auction house), Corsham (lot Sale 46, lot 654), this is a pocket watch by FS Italian Railway, made in Italy, dated c. 1926. The Atlas places it in the Golden Age of Mechanical Watchmaking period (1900 – 1945) of its Pocket Watches collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: nickel. Recorded dimensions: Diameter 51 mm. The record is illustrated with 1 photograph.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Lot description — Gardiner Houlgate
FS Italian Railway - Zenith nickel cased lever pocket watch, circa 1926, serial no. 2708513, signed gilt frosted movement, , signed dial with Roman numerals, outer minute markers, subsidiary seconds dial and blued steel hands, the case back with engraved 'FS' monogram and numbered 112484, inner case no. 5000987, 51mm
Historical context
Golden Age of Mechanical Watchmaking (1900 – 1945)
The wristwatch displaces the pocket watch; waterproof cases, self-winding and grand complications.
The pocket watch reached technical maturity and then began to give way to the wristwatch after the First World War. Complicated watches for collectors such as Henry Graves Jr. and James Ward Packard, railroad watches, and slim Art Deco dress watches are characteristic.
Read the period in the timelineMore pocket watches from this periodEarlier: Industrial Revolution
Atlas type guide
Railroad and railway watches
Timetables made accurate timekeeping a matter of safety. After a fatal collision at Kipton, Ohio, in 1891, American railroads adopted strict standards: open-face watches, lever setting, at least 17 jewels, adjustment to temperature and five positions, and a performance within 30 seconds a week, inspected regularly by approved watch inspectors. Waltham, Elgin, Hamilton, Illinois and Ball made railroad-grade watches in large numbers.
European railways issued service watches to guards, drivers and station staff, often engraved with the railway's initials and a staff number. Such watches link industrial timekeeping with the standardisation of time zones (Greenwich Mean Time adopted by British railways in 1847; North American standard time in 1883).
What to look for
- Open-face cases with the crown at 12 and lever setting under the bezel.
- Montgomery dials with every minute numbered, or bold Arabic numerals.
- 'Railroad grade', '21 Jewels', 'Adjusted 5 positions' on the movement.
- Railway initials and issue numbers engraved on the case back.
Dating clues
- American railroad standards: from 1891–93, revised c. 1908.
- Serial numbers of American makers allow dating to within a year.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:Detached lever escapement
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