
Wristwatches · Wristwatch
Zenith Excelsior Park 143 Yugoslavian Air Force, 1950s
- Maker / attribution
- Zenith (maker)
- Date
- 1950s
- Historical period
- Modern Mechanical Horology (1945 – 1969)
- Country of origin
- Switzerland
- Object type
- Wristwatch
- Stock no.
- Product 4368121331799
- Credit line
- Dealer listing, S.Song Watches (product 4368121331799)
- Catalogue title (original)
- Zenith Excelsior Park 143 Yugoslavian Air Force (English)
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Record summary
Catalogued by S.Song Watches (dealer), Seattle (stock number Product 4368121331799), this is a wristwatch by Zenith, made in Switzerland, dated 1950s. The Atlas places it in the Modern Mechanical Horology period (1945 – 1969) of its Wristwatches collection. The record is illustrated with 6 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Dealer description — S.Song Watches
With collecting vintage watches, part of the attraction for many certainly involves uncovering stories, solving mysteries and learning more about a particular watch. I do suppose it is because for most of us, while we purchase objects for its intrinsic value, it is oftentimes the story that we also buy, swayed by the charm and romance of origins and journeys. When it comes to military watches, it is no different. In fact, this whole idea gets put into overdrive as these timepieces were never sold to the public and only issued to the military. From there on we imagine and embellish stories of where our watch might’ve been, in action through adversity and triumph. When it comes to this Zenith, the mystery ran a lot deeper. For a long time, these watches were just black dialed Zenith choreographs with Excelsior Park movements. They had no markings, just those from the manufacture and while anything with Zenith on the dial and an EP movement would already be considered a fine watch, a few collectors noticed that these watches were mostly originating from Belgrade, Zagreb and Ex-Yugoslavian states in general. While some further digging into Zenith couldn’t uncover more information, they did mention that these Excelsior Park powered Zeniths were ordered in a batch of 2,000 pieces on the 20th of January 1954. They did not have any further information on who ordered it, but as most were found in ex-Yugoslavian states combined with the notion that there was no way civilians at that time could afford such a high-grade watch, many collectors began to realize that these could have been issued to the military. Furthermore, a few collectors on the Military Watch Forum have chimed in stating that many of their fellow collectors residing in ex-Yugoslavian states have always known that these were in fact issued to the Yugoslavian Air Force. It makes sense as it is often the Air Force that needs the highest precision tools and with this Zenith 143-6, it is certainly the case.
Historical context
Modern Mechanical Horology (1945 – 1969)
Tool watches for divers, pilots and astronauts; electric watches anticipate the electronic age.
The classic era of the mechanical wristwatch: dive watches, chronographs for motor racing and space flight, GMT watches for jet travel, slim dress watches, automatic calendars, and the rise of Japanese manufacturers alongside Swiss, American, German and Soviet industries.
Read the period in the timelineMore wristwatches from this periodEarlier: Golden Age of Mechanical Watchmaking
Atlas type guide
Military, pilot and travel watches
The wristwatch owes much of its adoption by men to warfare and aviation. Wristlets — small pocket watches soldered with lugs and worn on a strap — were used in colonial campaigns and became standard equipment in the First World War, with protective grilles over the crystal ('shrapnel guards'). Louis Cartier's Santos (1904), designed for the aviator Alberto Santos-Dumont, is often cited as an early purpose-made pilot's watch.
In the Second World War governments specified watches in detail: the German B-Uhr observation watches, the American A-11, and the British 'W.W.W.' (the 'Dirty Dozen' set of 1945). After the war, jet travel brought GMT and world-time watches, which show two or more time zones at once — Louis Cottier's world-time mechanism and the Rolex GMT-Master (1955) are examples.
What to look for
- Military markings on the case back: broad arrow, issue numbers, 'W.W.W.', 'A.T.P.'
- High-legibility black dials with luminous Arabic numerals; oversized crowns for gloved hands.
- 24-hour hands and rotating 24-hour bezels or city rings on GMT/world-time watches.
- Wire lugs on early wristlets converted from pocket watches.
Dating clues
- Wire-lug wristlets: c. 1900–1925.
- Military specifications of the Second World War: 1939–1945.
- GMT and world-time wristwatches: mainly after 1950.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
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