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Watch by Paul Cuper, France, 1585–1600 — view 1 of 6
View 1 of 6 · Image: © 2012 Musée du Louvre, Dist. GrandPalaisRmn / Martine Beck-Coppola · original image source (opens another website in a new tab)

Pocket Watches · Watch

Watch by Paul Cuper, France, 1585–1600

DocumentedDocumented from the holding institution's catalogue record.
Maker / attribution
Paul Cuper (Horloger)
Date
1585–1600
Country of origin
France
Place
Blois
Object type
Watch
Materials / technique
silver, brass
Dimensions
height 5,4 cm; width 3,1 cm; thickness 2,1 cm
Holding institution
Musée du Louvre, Paris
Accession / object no.
OA 7022
Credit line
Musée du Louvre, Département des Objets d'art du Moyen Age, de la Renaissance et des temps modernes
Catalogue title (original)
Montre ovale (French)

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Record summary

Held and catalogued by Musée du Louvre, Paris (object number OA 7022), this is a watch by Paul Cuper, made in Blois, France, dated 1585–1600. The Atlas places it in the Renaissance Horology period (1400 – 1600) of its Pocket Watches collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: silver, brass. Recorded dimensions: height 5,4 cm; width 3,1 cm; thickness 2,1 cm. The record is illustrated with 6 photographs.

Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.

Catalogue description

Catalogue description — Musée du Louvre (French)

Montre ovale ; boîtier gravé d'après deux estampes d'Etienne Delaune : le couvercle du mouvement figurant Narcisse se mirant dans la fontaine ; celui du cadran Orphée charmant les animaux. Carrure gravée d'une frise de rinceaux fleuris, armatures en laiton doré. Pendant en forme de chapiteau. Plaque gravée de rinceaux peuplés où se détache l'anneau horaire à chiffres romains. Mouvement ajusté dans le boîtier muni d'un coq et d'un cliquet ajourés et gravés de rinceaux fleuris. Echappement à roue de rencontre et une fusée avec corde à boyau.

Shown in the original language of the source catalogue. An editor-reviewed English translation has not yet been published; we do not publish machine translations as authoritative text.

Dating and period as catalogued (French)

Epoque / période : Henri IV (1589-1610) (Occident->Renaissance->dynastie des Bourbons) · · Date de création/fabrication : 1585 - 1600

Shown in the original language of the source catalogue. An editor-reviewed English translation has not yet been published; we do not publish machine translations as authoritative text.

Materials and techniques as catalogued (French)

Matériau : argent · Matériau : laiton

Shown in the original language of the source catalogue. An editor-reviewed English translation has not yet been published; we do not publish machine translations as authoritative text.

Inscriptions & marks

Signature : ; mouvement signé : P/Cuper/ABloys

Provenance

Collection Gavet ; collection Paul Garnier (1834-1916), à Paris. Don Paul Garnier, en 1916.

Historical context

Renaissance Horology (1400 – 1600)

Spring power makes clocks portable; Nuremberg and Augsburg produce the first watches; the Prague Orloj is built.

The first portable spring-driven timepieces were made in southern Germany, France and Italy. They had iron or brass verge movements with a foliot or small balance and a stackfreed or fusee, indicated hours only, and were worn as pendants — luxury objects more than precise instruments.

Read the period in the timelineMore pocket watches from this periodEarlier: Medieval Period

Atlas type guide

Early spring-driven watches

Portable spring-driven timepieces appeared in southern Germany, France and Italy in the early sixteenth century; Peter Henlein of Nuremberg is traditionally credited, although the historical record is complex. These early watches were worn as pendants or carried, had iron or brass movements with a verge escapement and a foliot or small balance, and used a stackfreed or fusee to equalise spring force. They indicated hours only and were notoriously inaccurate.

From the later sixteenth century watches were made in Blois, Paris, Geneva, London and Augsburg in oval, octagonal, cruciform, skull and other 'form' cases of rock crystal, gilt brass, silver and enamel. They were jewellery and status objects as much as timekeepers.

What to look for

  • A single hour hand and often a touch-pin hour ring for feeling the time.
  • Stackfreed (a cam and spring) instead of a fusee on German watches.
  • Pierced and engraved cocks over the balance, fine gut fusee lines.
  • Rock-crystal, enamelled or engraved form cases.

Dating clues

  • Drum-shaped German watches: c. 1530–1580.
  • Oval and form watches: c. 1580–1650.
  • Before c. 1675 there is no balance spring; watches can vary by many minutes a day.

General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.

Read next:Verge escapementFoliotThe Melanchthon watch

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