
Pocket Watches · Watch
Watch by Jean Antoine Lépine, c. 1785 - c. 1800
- Maker / attribution
- Jean Antoine Lépine (clockmaker)
- Date
- c. 1785 - c. 1800
- Historical period
- Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)
- Country of origin
- France
- Object type
- Watch
- Materials / technique
- gold (metal), diamond (mineral)
- Dimensions
- diameter 4.1 cm x diameter 4.7 cm x height 6.1 cm x depth 2.1 cm
- Holding institution
- Rijksmuseum
- Accession / object no.
- BK-NM-12848
- Credit line
- J.G. de Groot Jamin Bequest, Amsterdam
- Catalogue title (original)
- Horloge van goud (Dutch)
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Record summary
Held and catalogued by Rijksmuseum (object number BK-NM-12848), this is a watch by Jean Antoine Lépine, made in France, dated c. 1785 - c. 1800. The Atlas places it in the Precision & Scientific Horology period (1750 – 1850) of its Pocket Watches collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: gold (metal), diamond (mineral). Recorded dimensions: diameter 4.1 cm x diameter 4.7 cm x height 6.1 cm x depth 2.1 cm. The record is illustrated with 1 photograph.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Description — Rijksmuseum (Dutch)
Gouden horloge, met geëmailleerde wijzerplaat. Op de achterbodem in een ovaal een vrouwenbuste in veelkleurig email. Het ovaal is omgeven door diamantjes.
Shown in the original language of the source catalogue. An editor-reviewed English translation has not yet been published; we do not publish machine translations as authoritative text.
Historical context
Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)
Harrison solves longitude; Mudge invents the lever; Breguet's Paris workshop defines the modern watch.
From 1750 to 1850 the watch became a precision instrument. Mudge's lever escapement, the cylinder escapement, Lépine's thin bar calibre, Breguet's innovations (overcoil, tourbillon, perpétuelle) and the pocket chronometer of Arnold and Earnshaw all date from this period, while verge watches remained common in cheaper production.
Read the period in the timelineMore pocket watches from this periodEarlier: Early Modern Horology
Atlas type guide
Hunter, half-hunter and open-face watches
In the nineteenth century the pocket watch case settled into a few standard forms. The hunter (French savonnette) has a hinged front lid protecting the crystal — reputedly for riders who could not risk broken glass — and is opened by pressing the crown or a push-piece. The half-hunter has a small window in the lid so the hands can be read when closed. The open-face (lépine) watch has no front cover, with the crown at 12; hunters normally carry the crown at 3.
Case types also changed with winding: key-wound watches gave way to keyless (stem-wound) mechanisms after Adrien Philippe's and others' designs of the 1840s, with pendant setting or lever setting.
What to look for
- Crown position relative to the seconds dial: at 3 for hunters, at 12 for open-face watches.
- Spring-loaded front cover with a push-piece in the pendant.
- Half-hunter chapter ring enamelled on the lid.
- Key holes in the inner dome (cuvette) versus keyless winding.
Dating clues
- Keyless winding spread after c. 1850 and became standard by c. 1890.
- English hallmarks inside gold and silver cases give the year of assay.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:Detached lever escapement
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