
Pocket Watches · Clock-watch
Oval silver cased verge clock-watch with date indicator
- Maker / attribution
- Edward East (Made by)
- Date
- 1640–1650
- Historical period
- Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)
- Country of origin
- England
- Place
- London (England)
- Object type
- Clock-watch
- Materials / technique
- silver, brass, gold
- Dimensions
- Length: 54.50 millimetres (case including pendant) Thickness: 20.30 millimetres Width: 39.50 millimetres
- Holding institution
- British Museum
- Accession / object no.
- 1969,0303.4
- Credit line
- British Museum, London
- Catalogue title (original)
- Oval silver cased verge clock-watch with date indicator (English)
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Record summary
Held and catalogued by British Museum (object number 1969,0303.4), this is a clock-watch by Edward East, made in London (England), dated 1640–1650. The Atlas places it in the Early Modern Horology period (1600 – 1750) of its Pocket Watches collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: silver, brass, gold. Recorded dimensions: Length: 54.50 millimetres (case including pendant) Thickness: 20.30 millimetres Width: 39.50 millimetres. The record is illustrated with 5 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Description — British Museum
Movement frame: Oval gilt-brass plates with four pierced Egyptian pillars. Riveted potence and riveted counter-potence. Engraved decoration around the verge aperture. Two recesses traversed by riveted bridges provide bearings for the second wheel and contrate pinion of the going train and the fourth wheel and fifth pinion of the striking train. Mainspring & set-up: The mainspring barrel is now missing. Ratchet and click set up, the original spring survives with a replacement click, but the ratchet wheel is missing. Fusee & stop-work: The fusee is missing but the English stop-work remains, the spring possibly now replaced. Going train: Three wheel train with all the wheels and pinions now missing. Escapement & balance: Verge escapement, with only the crown wheel remaining. Striking train: Count-wheel striking with warned release. Originally a six wheel train powered by a fixed barrel. With the exception of the pierced and engraved barrel and the release/locking lever, all the components are now missing. Calendar: Originally driven by a pinion on the dial wheel and an intermediate calendar wheel and pinion, now only the calendar ring remains. Dial & hands: Oval silver dial with three rectangular-section feet. Around the edge are four lugs to engage in case-band recesses. The upper and lower spandrel spaces are engraved with scrolling foliage to surround the revolving gilt-brass date ring engraved 1-31. In the middle a separate pinned-on circular silver dial, the engraved chapter-ring with Roman hours I-XII and arrow-head half-hour marks surrounding a quarter-circle. The dial centre is plain. At the top of the dial is a riveted steel pointer to indicate the date. The central hand is missing. CASE: Oval silver case with integral back and hinged bezel split and glazed, the glass now missing. Within a gadroon border, the back is pierced and engraved with a scrolling foliate design incorporating two addorsed half figures. The band is also pierced and engraved with foliate scrolls. Beneath the silver pendant and in the finial position are engraved rosettes. The bell is missing.
Inscriptions & marks
signature; Edwardus East Fecit
Provenance
Previous owner/ex-collection:, S E Prestige; Purchased from:, Mrs C K Prestige, (executor of); Acquired 1969
Historical context
Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)
Huygens' pendulum and balance spring transform accuracy; English makers develop the anchor and deadbeat escapements.
The balance spring (c. 1675) improved watches dramatically and introduced the minute hand. English pair-cased verge watches with pierced balance cocks and French oignons were typical; enamel painting at Blois and Geneva, and the repeating watch (1680s), made watches objects of great refinement.
Read the period in the timelineMore pocket watches from this periodEarlier: Renaissance Horology
Atlas type guide
Early spring-driven watches
Portable spring-driven timepieces appeared in southern Germany, France and Italy in the early sixteenth century; Peter Henlein of Nuremberg is traditionally credited, although the historical record is complex. These early watches were worn as pendants or carried, had iron or brass movements with a verge escapement and a foliot or small balance, and used a stackfreed or fusee to equalise spring force. They indicated hours only and were notoriously inaccurate.
From the later sixteenth century watches were made in Blois, Paris, Geneva, London and Augsburg in oval, octagonal, cruciform, skull and other 'form' cases of rock crystal, gilt brass, silver and enamel. They were jewellery and status objects as much as timekeepers.
What to look for
- A single hour hand and often a touch-pin hour ring for feeling the time.
- Stackfreed (a cam and spring) instead of a fusee on German watches.
- Pierced and engraved cocks over the balance, fine gut fusee lines.
- Rock-crystal, enamelled or engraved form cases.
Dating clues
- Drum-shaped German watches: c. 1530–1580.
- Oval and form watches: c. 1580–1650.
- Before c. 1675 there is no balance spring; watches can vary by many minutes a day.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:FoliotThe Melanchthon watch
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