
Clocks · Clock
Ion-Trap 'clock' by National Physical Laboratory
- Maker / attribution
- National Physical Laboratory (maker)
- Date
- 2005
- Historical period
- Mechanical Renaissance (1990 – 2010)
- Country of origin
- Unrecorded in source
- Object type
- Clock
- Materials / technique
- metal; glass
- Dimensions
- Overall: 20 cm x 20 cm x 20 x cm
- Holding institution
- Royal Museums Greenwich
- Accession / object no.
- LOA0585
- Credit line
- On loan from the National Physical Laboratory (NPL)
- Catalogue title (original)
- Ion-Trap 'clock' (English)
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Record summary
Held and catalogued by Royal Museums Greenwich (object number LOA0585), this is a clock by National Physical Laboratory, dated 2005. The Atlas places it in the Mechanical Renaissance period (1990 – 2010) of its Clocks collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: metal; glass. Recorded dimensions: Overall: 20 cm x 20 cm x 20 x cm. The record is illustrated with 1 photograph.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Catalogue description — Royal Museums Greenwich
Ion trap from optical atomic clock developed at the National Physical Laboratory. This unit is the 'flight spare' made by Professor Patrick Gill and his team as a display and demonstration device, and is physically identical to the trap used in the clock from 2005. An optical frequency ion-trap clock is one of the most accurate clocks yet made, and when fully realised will be inherently more accurate than caesium atomic clocks which use microwave frequencies. The ion trap itself is the heart of the clock, a device for trapping single ions (charged atoms) in a force field, then blasting them with laser beams to extract time and frequency information.
Historical context
Mechanical Renaissance (1990 – 2010)
Mechanical watches return as cultural objects; independent watchmaking flourishes.
Mechanical clocks returned as luxury and craft objects, alongside radio-controlled and designer quartz clocks. Independent makers and restorers revived traditional techniques, and museums increasingly documented industrial and electric clocks as heritage.
Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Quartz Revolution
Atlas type guide
Domestic clocks
A clock combines four systems: a source of power (falling weight, coiled spring, or later electricity), a gear train that divides time, an escapement and oscillator that regulate it (foliot, pendulum or balance), and an indicating system of dial and hands or a bell. Its history runs from the large iron weight-driven clocks of the late thirteenth century to Renaissance spring-driven table clocks, the pendulum revolution of 1656, the factory clocks of the nineteenth century and electric and quartz clocks of the twentieth.
Domestic clocks also reflect regional furniture and decorative traditions — English longcase and bracket clocks, French pendules, Viennese regulators, Black Forest and American shelf clocks — and therefore record changing tastes as much as technical progress.
What to look for
- How the clock is powered: weights, spring barrel, fusee, electric coil.
- The oscillator: foliot, short pendulum, long seconds pendulum or balance.
- Whether it strikes: hour only (count wheel) or hours and quarters (rack striking).
- The maker or retailer's name on dial and movement, and any factory trademarks.
- Signs of alteration — replaced dials, converted escapements, 'married' cases.
Dating clues
- Before 1656 clocks used foliots or balances; after, most domestic clocks have pendulums.
- Anchor escapements spread after c. 1670; minute hands became common at the same time.
- Factory production in America and Germany transformed prices after c. 1840.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
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