
Pocket Watches · Pocket watch
Charles Frodsham silver fusee lever pocket watch, hallmarked Chester 1887
- Maker / attribution
- Unrecorded in source
- Date
- 1887 (hallmarked Chester)
- Historical period
- Industrial Revolution (1850 – 1900)
- Country of origin
- England
- Place
- London
- Object type
- Pocket watch
- Materials / technique
- silver
- Dimensions
- Diameter 57 mm
- Auction house
- Gardiner Houlgate (auction house), Corsham
- Lot
- Sale 45, lot 821
- Credit line
- Auction lot record: lot 821, The Watch Auction - Pocket Watches, Gardiner Houlgate (25th October 2023)
- Catalogue title (original)
- Charles Frodsham silver fusee lever pocket watch, Chester 1887, the gilt movement signed Chas Frodsham, 84, Strand, London, no. 9338, inscribed 'AD FMSZ', with engraved balance cock, diamond endstone, (English)
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Record summary
Catalogued by Gardiner Houlgate (auction house), Corsham (lot Sale 45, lot 821), this is a pocket watch, made in London, England, dated 1887 (hallmarked Chester). The Atlas places it in the Industrial Revolution period (1850 – 1900) of its Pocket Watches collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: silver. Recorded dimensions: Diameter 57 mm. The record is illustrated with 1 photograph.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Lot description — Gardiner Houlgate
Charles Frodsham silver fusee lever pocket watch, Chester 1887, the gilt movement signed Chas Frodsham, 84, Strand, London, no. 9338, inscribed 'AD FMSZ', with engraved balance cock, diamond endstone, compensated balance and regulator, signed dust cover engraved with 'Paris 1855 Gold Medal of Honour', the dial signed 'Arnold, Chas Frodsham, 9338 AD Fmsz', with Roman numerals, minute track and subsidiary seconds, blued steel hands, within an associated plain case with engraved cartouche and applied gold hinges, 57mm
Historical context
Industrial Revolution (1850 – 1900)
American interchangeable-parts manufacture; railroad time standards; Swiss and German factory systems.
Machine production with interchangeable parts, pioneered by Waltham (1850s) and adopted by Elgin, Longines, Omega and others, made reliable lever watches widely affordable. Keyless winding became standard, railroad watch standards were introduced (1890s), and Swiss and American industries competed globally.
Read the period in the timelineMore pocket watches from this periodEarlier: Precision & Scientific Horology
Atlas type guide
Pocket watches
The pocket watch was the dominant personal timekeeper from the late seventeenth century until the First World War. Its development tracks the history of the escapement: verge watches with fusees until the late eighteenth century; Thomas Mudge's lever escapement (c. 1755) and the cylinder escapement popularised by George Graham and later by Swiss makers; and the Swiss and English lever watches of the nineteenth century. Lépine's bar-bridge calibre and keyless winding made watches thinner and easier to use.
Industrialisation transformed the trade: American factories such as Waltham (from 1850) and Elgin produced interchangeable parts by machine, and Swiss makers responded with their own mechanisation after the 1876 Philadelphia Exhibition. By 1900 a reliable watch was affordable to millions; the finest makers continued to produce complications and precision watches.
What to look for
- The escapement: verge (crown wheel), cylinder, duplex, English or Swiss lever.
- Key winding (a square arbor in dial or back) or keyless crown winding.
- Signatures and serial numbers on the movement, dial and inside case back.
- Hallmarks, case maker's marks and gold or silver standards stamped in the case.
- Dial material: enamel, silver, gold, later printed metal.
Dating clues
- Verge watches dominate before c. 1800; cylinder watches c. 1770–1900; lever watches after c. 1820.
- Keyless winding: increasingly common after c. 1860.
- Manufacturer serial number lists exist for Waltham, Elgin, Longines, Omega, Patek Philippe and others.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:Verge escapementDetached lever escapementIdentification Centre
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