
Clocks · Clock
Timepiece mantel clock with round convex white dial with plated bezel in a chinoiserie painted veneered case
- Maker / attribution
- Smiths (as 'Smith's English Clocks Ltd') (Factory of)
- Date
- c1936
- Historical period
- Golden Age of Mechanical Watchmaking (1900 – 1945)
- Country of origin
- British Isles
- Place
- British Isles
- Object type
- Clock
- Dimensions
- Height: 130 millimetres Width: 185 millimetres Depth: 95 millimetres
- Holding institution
- British Museum
- Accession / object no.
- 2012,8028.14
- Credit line
- British Museum, London
- Catalogue title (original)
- Timepiece mantel clock with round convex white dial with plated bezel in a chinoiserie painted veneered case (English)
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Record summary
Held and catalogued by British Museum (object number 2012,8028.14), this is a clock by Smiths (as 'Smith's English Clocks Ltd'), made in British Isles, dated c1936. The Atlas places it in the Golden Age of Mechanical Watchmaking period (1900 – 1945) of its Clocks collection. Recorded dimensions: Height: 130 millimetres Width: 185 millimetres Depth: 95 millimetres. The record is illustrated with 2 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Description — British Museum
Timepiece mantel clock with round convex white dial with plated bezel in a chinoiserie painted veneered case. Platform with lever escapement.
Curator's comments — British Museum
This clock has a Smiths Model A 8-day movement, which was reviewd in' the Watch and Clock Maker' in January 1935, where it is described as an 'Excellent Drum Movement with Ingenious Case Fitting'. In this example the teeth of the great wheel are cut into the side wall of the spring barrel (other examples, such as 2012,8028.13, have a traditional great wheel). See 'Clockmaking in England and Wales in the Twentieth Century : the industrialized manufacture of domestic mechanical clocks' by John Glanville and William M. Wolmuth, Crowood Press , 2015 p 238-9.
Inscriptions & marks
inscription; dial; SMITH; 8-DAY; MADE IN ENGLAND; inscription; movement bracket; SMITHS ENGLISH CLOCKS LTD; SEC; CRICKLEWOOD; LONDON; inscription; platform balance cock; ABEC; 'ABEC' IN CLUB TOOTH LEVER LOGO; inscription; movement back plate; MADE IN ENGLAND
Provenance
Donated by:, John Glanville, Donated by:, Bill Wolmuth; Acquired 2012
Historical context
Golden Age of Mechanical Watchmaking (1900 – 1945)
The wristwatch displaces the pocket watch; waterproof cases, self-winding and grand complications.
Between 1900 and 1945 clocks were electrified: master-clock systems ran factories and offices, synchronous mains clocks entered homes, and the Shortt free-pendulum clock set new standards of accuracy before the first quartz clocks (1927). Art Deco design reshaped mantel and table clocks.
Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Industrial Revolution
Atlas type guide
Mantel and French pendule clocks
The mantel clock — the French pendule de cheminée — is as much decorative art as timekeeper. From the late seventeenth century Parisian clockmakers worked with cabinet-makers, bronze founders and gilders (ciseleurs-doreurs) to create cases in Boulle marquetry, gilt bronze and marble, while the movements were often supplied by specialist makers. Clocks of the Louis XIV, Louis XV and Louis XVI periods, and Empire clocks with allegorical figures, set fashions copied across Europe.
The nineteenth century industrialised the type. The 'Paris movement', a standardised round movement with silk-thread or Brocot suspension and count-wheel striking, was made in huge numbers by firms such as Japy and Vincenti, and fitted into cases of every style and material.
What to look for
- Round 'Paris' movements with makers' stamps (e.g. Japy Frères, Vincenti, S. Marti) and medal marks from exhibitions.
- Suspension type: silk thread (earlier) or Brocot adjustable suspension (after c. 1840).
- Visible Brocot escapement on the dial in later clocks.
- Fire-gilt (mercury) gilding on bronzes versus later electro-gilding.
- Signed dials naming a retailer rather than the movement maker.
Dating clues
- Silk-suspension Paris movements: c. 1800–1850.
- Brocot suspension and visible escapements: after c. 1840.
- Exhibition medal stamps on movements give dates after the medal year.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:Anchor (recoil) escapement
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