
Instruments · Stop watch
Stop Watch - 'Chronograph', London, c. 1878
- Maker / attribution
- Unrecorded in source
- Date
- c. 1878
- Historical period
- Industrial Revolution (1850 – 1900)
- Country of origin
- England
- Object type
- Stop watch
- Dimensions
- 1.8 cm (Width), 5.6 cm (Outside Diameter)
- Holding institution
- Museums Victoria, Melbourne
- Accession / object no.
- ST 24538
- Catalogue title (original)
- Stop Watch - 'Chronograph', London, circa 1878 (English)
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Record summary
Held and catalogued by Museums Victoria, Melbourne (object number ST 24538), this is a stop watch, made in England, dated c. 1878. The Atlas places it in the Industrial Revolution period (1850 – 1900) of its Instruments collection. Recorded dimensions: 1.8 cm (Width), 5.6 cm (Outside Diameter). The record is illustrated with 1 photograph.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Summary — Museums Victoria
Stop watch, silver open case, 'Chronograph', London, circa 1878.
Physical description — Museums Victoria
White dial has roman numerals for time and arabic numerals to 300. Has stop/start lever with kick start at 2; this acts as a brake onto balance wheel. Key wound spring; lever escapement.
Inscriptions & marks
Dial is marked 'Chronograph'. Case has London hallmark for 1878-1879.
Provenance
Unknown Acquisition Method from Unknown Source
Historical context
Industrial Revolution (1850 – 1900)
American interchangeable-parts manufacture; railroad time standards; Swiss and German factory systems.
Instruments spread into industry, science and sport: stopwatches, chronoscopes, metronomes, watchmen's clocks and time recorders.
Read the period in the timelineMore instruments from this periodEarlier: Precision & Scientific Horology
Atlas type guide
Timers, stopwatches, chronoscopes and time recorders
Instruments for measuring short intervals or recording when something happened form a large and practical branch of horology. Sports stopwatches and split-seconds timers, laboratory chronoscopes (such as Hipp's, which measured thousandths of a second for psychology and ballistics experiments), metronomes for music, watchmen's clocks that recorded patrol rounds, and the time recorders that clocked factory workers in and out all derive from clock and watch technology.
These objects matter historically because they show timekeeping leaving the observatory and the drawing room and entering industry, science and sport. Many were mass-produced, and their dials, scales and patents chart the rise of electrification and industrial management.
What to look for
- Scales graduated in fifths, tenths or hundredths of a second, or decimal minutes for industrial use.
- Start, stop and reset push-pieces; a second hand that can be stopped independently (split seconds).
- Recording devices: paper discs or tapes, printing mechanisms, keys or punches.
- Patent numbers and dates on the dial or case, which give a terminus post quem.
Dating clues
- Hipp chronoscopes were made from the 1840s into the twentieth century.
- Employee time recorders spread from the 1890s (Bundy, IBM, International Time Recording Co.).
- Quartz and electronic timers replaced mechanical stopwatches in sport from the 1970s.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:Flyback chronograph
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