
Wristwatches · Wristwatch
Rolex GMT-Master ref. 1675, 'PCG' with 'OCC' Dial
- Maker / attribution
- Rolex (maker)
- Date
- c. 1959
- Historical period
- Modern Mechanical Horology (1945 – 1969)
- Country of origin
- Switzerland
- Object type
- Wristwatch
- Stock no.
- OC2490
- Credit line
- Dealer listing, Oliver & Clarke (OC2490)
- Catalogue title (original)
- Rolex GMT-Master Ref. 1675 - 'PCG' w/ 'OCC' Dial Unpolished (English)
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Record summary
Catalogued by Oliver & Clarke (dealer), United Kingdom (stock number OC2490), this is a wristwatch by Rolex, made in Switzerland, dated c. 1959. The Atlas places it in the Modern Mechanical Horology period (1945 – 1969) of its Wristwatches collection. The record is illustrated with 6 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Dealer description — Oliver & Clarke
The Rolex GMT-Master is one of the most historic and iconic watches the brand ever produced. Its origin dates back to a commission request by Pan American World Airways in the early 50’s for their fleet of pilots who needed access to different time zones. These pieces would feature a similar design to another watch that Rolex was developing around that time, the Submariner, but would include a fourth hand running on 24-hr time, and a bi-colored bezel insert to represent AM/PM times. Those colors, naturally, would be the PanAm colors: Red & Blue. Thus, in 1953, the Ref. 6542 GMT-Master was born. These early pieces were ultimately, fragile arguably flawed in some ways, and were therefor succeeded by the updated Reference 1675 in 1959. These pieces introduced a larger case size with crown-guards and a bi-colored blue + red bezel insert made of aluminum. The Ref. 1675 underwent many small changes over its 21-year production run, with a slew of dial, bezel, bracelet, and hand variations. You know, Rolex stuff. The example that we have here is a truly special and rare example dating to circa 1959. For a very short time, the 1675 case features very stylized crown guards along with the gorgeous wide lug chamfers that we all know and love. Within the case, a stunning gloss black 'gilt' dial with a 'chapter' ring and a shorter form of text on the bottom half of the dial that reads: "Officially Certified Chronometer" rather than the later (and current) "Superlative Chronometer Officially Certified." Additionally, the red 24-hr GMT hand has a small arrow rather than the larger and more pronounced tip that subsequent examples have. The condition of this example is fantastic. The case remains unpolished, with clear and defined crown guards and lug chamfers and just normal signs of wear present throughout. Inside, that black 'gilt' dial retains a glossy surface and clear text throughout. There is some faint 'crazing' visible in certain light under inspecting with a loupe. It is even and attractive and suits the overall condition of the watch beautifully. And then, of course, there is that gorgeous 'Pepsi' bezel insert. It remains rich in color and shows a gentle fade on the blue half and a very light fade to the lower red half. It shows wear consistent with that of the rest of the watch. It also comes fitted to a period-correct 'rivet' Oyster bracelet with a signed blade clasp. All of these small details amount to a piece that not only has a wearing experience different than any modern GMT-Master, but even later variants of the very same Reference. Its fair to say that watches from this era, in this overall condition do not surface often... and collectors tend to hang onto fantastic examples like this, so this is an excellent opportunity to snag one.
Historical context
Modern Mechanical Horology (1945 – 1969)
Tool watches for divers, pilots and astronauts; electric watches anticipate the electronic age.
The classic era of the mechanical wristwatch: dive watches, chronographs for motor racing and space flight, GMT watches for jet travel, slim dress watches, automatic calendars, and the rise of Japanese manufacturers alongside Swiss, American, German and Soviet industries.
Read the period in the timelineMore wristwatches from this periodEarlier: Golden Age of Mechanical Watchmaking
Atlas type guide
Military, pilot and travel watches
The wristwatch owes much of its adoption by men to warfare and aviation. Wristlets — small pocket watches soldered with lugs and worn on a strap — were used in colonial campaigns and became standard equipment in the First World War, with protective grilles over the crystal ('shrapnel guards'). Louis Cartier's Santos (1904), designed for the aviator Alberto Santos-Dumont, is often cited as an early purpose-made pilot's watch.
In the Second World War governments specified watches in detail: the German B-Uhr observation watches, the American A-11, and the British 'W.W.W.' (the 'Dirty Dozen' set of 1945). After the war, jet travel brought GMT and world-time watches, which show two or more time zones at once — Louis Cottier's world-time mechanism and the Rolex GMT-Master (1955) are examples.
What to look for
- Military markings on the case back: broad arrow, issue numbers, 'W.W.W.', 'A.T.P.'
- High-legibility black dials with luminous Arabic numerals; oversized crowns for gloved hands.
- 24-hour hands and rotating 24-hour bezels or city rings on GMT/world-time watches.
- Wire lugs on early wristlets converted from pocket watches.
Dating clues
- Wire-lug wristlets: c. 1900–1925.
- Military specifications of the Second World War: 1939–1945.
- GMT and world-time wristwatches: mainly after 1950.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
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