
Pocket Watches · Pair-case clock-watch
Pair-case clock-watch
- Maker / attribution
- Edward East (Maker)
- Date
- 17th century
- Historical period
- Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)
- Country of origin
- England
- Place
- British, London
- Object type
- Pair-case clock-watch
- Materials / technique
- Silver; leather outer case
- Dimensions
- Diameter: 2 1/8 in. (5.4 cm)
- Holding institution
- The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
- Accession / object no.
- 17.190.1467a, b
- Credit line
- Gift of J. Pierpont Morgan, 1917
- Catalogue title (original)
- Pair-case clock-watch (English)
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Record summary
Held and catalogued by The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (object number 17.190.1467a, b), this is a pair-case clock-watch by Edward East, made in British, London, England, dated 17th century. The Atlas places it in the Early Modern Horology period (1600 – 1750) of its Pocket Watches collection. Materials and techniques recorded by the source: Silver; leather outer case. Recorded dimensions: Diameter: 2 1/8 in. (5.4 cm). The record is illustrated with 6 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
The source record does not include a narrative description. The structured fields above are reproduced from it.
Historical context
Early Modern Horology (1600 – 1750)
Huygens' pendulum and balance spring transform accuracy; English makers develop the anchor and deadbeat escapements.
The balance spring (c. 1675) improved watches dramatically and introduced the minute hand. English pair-cased verge watches with pierced balance cocks and French oignons were typical; enamel painting at Blois and Geneva, and the repeating watch (1680s), made watches objects of great refinement.
Read the period in the timelineMore pocket watches from this periodEarlier: Renaissance Horology
Atlas type guide
Early spring-driven watches
Portable spring-driven timepieces appeared in southern Germany, France and Italy in the early sixteenth century; Peter Henlein of Nuremberg is traditionally credited, although the historical record is complex. These early watches were worn as pendants or carried, had iron or brass movements with a verge escapement and a foliot or small balance, and used a stackfreed or fusee to equalise spring force. They indicated hours only and were notoriously inaccurate.
From the later sixteenth century watches were made in Blois, Paris, Geneva, London and Augsburg in oval, octagonal, cruciform, skull and other 'form' cases of rock crystal, gilt brass, silver and enamel. They were jewellery and status objects as much as timekeepers.
What to look for
- A single hour hand and often a touch-pin hour ring for feeling the time.
- Stackfreed (a cam and spring) instead of a fusee on German watches.
- Pierced and engraved cocks over the balance, fine gut fusee lines.
- Rock-crystal, enamelled or engraved form cases.
Dating clues
- Drum-shaped German watches: c. 1530–1580.
- Oval and form watches: c. 1580–1650.
- Before c. 1675 there is no balance spring; watches can vary by many minutes a day.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
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