
Wristwatches · Wristwatch
Universal Genève Compax ref. 12236, Retailed by Henrique Pfeffer, Caracas LNOS with Hangtag
- Maker / attribution
- Universal Genève (maker)
- Date
- c. 1941
- Historical period
- Golden Age of Mechanical Watchmaking (1900 – 1945)
- Country of origin
- Switzerland
- Object type
- Wristwatch
- Dimensions
- Case 33.5 mm
- Stock no.
- Product 10107184120125
- Credit line
- Dealer listing, Oliver & Clarke (product 10107184120125)
- Catalogue title (original)
- Universal Genève Compax Ref. 12236 - Retailed by Henrique Pfeffer, Caracas LNOS w/ Hangtag (English)
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Record summary
Catalogued by Oliver & Clarke (dealer), United Kingdom (stock number Product 10107184120125), this is a wristwatch by Universal Genève, made in Switzerland, dated c. 1941. The Atlas places it in the Golden Age of Mechanical Watchmaking period (1900 – 1945) of its Wristwatches collection. Recorded dimensions: Case 33.5 mm. The record is illustrated with 6 photographs.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
Dealer description — Oliver & Clarke
Universal Genève was one of the many great brands that succumbed to the quartz crisis of the 1970s. While they disappeared, it was not for their lack of impressive watches. To underscore that fact, keep in mind that Henri Stern Watch Agency in their nearly 80-year history has only ever sold two brands: Patek Philippe, and Universal Genève. The piece that we have here hails from the early 1940s — a time when the world was at war. Far simpler than their perhaps more well-known high complication ‘Tri-Compax,' this piece comes from the long-running family of 'Compax' watches, which it shares its name with. Some of which were produced with specific use-cases in mind (e.g., Film-Compax, Medico-Compax, Dato-Compax, etc.), in different metals, sizes, etc., with this piece being a relatively straightforward three-register chronograph. Crafted out of solid rose gold, this Ref. 12236 is quite simply the finest we have ever seen and remains in like-new-old-stock condition. Dating to circa 1941, it features a 33.5mm case with square pushers, a rose gold crown, and a snapback case design. Inside, the dial is also pink in color, with a three-register chronograph layout, applied rose gold indices, rose gold hour and minute hands, and a blued-steel chronograph handset. It comes fitted on a brown leather strap with the original 'AW' rose gold tone buckle, and even its original hangtag. The overall condition, as we've alluded to, is as close to new-old-stock as one could ever hope to find. The factory case finishing is clear and present throughout, with only faint handling wear visible. The dial within is virtually flawless. Once more, this particular example bears an additional signature on the dial just below "Universal" that reads "Henrique Pfeffer Caracas", denoting that this was originally retailed in Venezuela. Examples in this kind of condition simply do not surface on the open market all that often... and with the recent re-launch of the brand, collectors seem to be holding on to pieces like this, making for a great opportunity to grab this one.
Historical context
Golden Age of Mechanical Watchmaking (1900 – 1945)
The wristwatch displaces the pocket watch; waterproof cases, self-winding and grand complications.
The wristwatch overtook the pocket watch. Military use in the First World War, aviation, water-resistant cases (1926), automatic winding (1923–31), rectangular Art Deco designs and early chronographs and calendars defined the period.
Read the period in the timelineMore wristwatches from this periodEarlier: Industrial Revolution
Atlas type guide
Wristwatches
Bracelet watches were worn by women from the early nineteenth century — Breguet made one for Caroline Murat, Queen of Naples, in 1810–12 — but the wristwatch only became a man's instrument with military use and aviation in the early twentieth century. Between the World Wars it overtook the pocket watch; the 1920s and 1930s brought rectangular Art Deco cases, water-resistant cases and the first automatic winding systems.
After 1945 the wristwatch became a carrier of identity — dress watches, sports and dive watches, chronographs, calendars — produced by Swiss, American, Japanese, German, Soviet and Chinese industries. The quartz revolution after 1969 and the mechanical renaissance since the 1990s, including the rise of independent watchmakers, complete the story.
What to look for
- The reference number (between the lugs or inside the case back) and serial number, the starting point for dating.
- The calibre: its maker and number are often stamped under the dial or on the bridge.
- Originality of dial, hands and crown — refinished ('redial') dials are common.
- Case material marks: 18K/750, 14K/585, stainless steel, gold-filled, plated.
Dating clues
- Wire-lug cases: before c. 1925.
- Water-resistant screw-down cases: from 1926.
- Quartz movements: from 1969; sapphire crystals widespread after c. 1980.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
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