
Movements & Components · Mock-up; escapement
Model of lever escapement, Unsigned, 1860-1928
- Maker / attribution
- Unrecorded in source
- Date
- 1860-1928
- Historical period
- Industrial Revolution (1850 – 1900)
- Country of origin
- United Kingdom
- Place
- United Kingdom, United Kingdom
- Object type
- Mock-up; escapement
- Dimensions
- overall: 165 mm x 330 mm x 265 mm, 5.908 kg
- Holding institution
- Science Museum Group, London
- Accession / object no.
- 1928-300
- Credit line
- Mr. T. A. Winter
Record summary
Held and catalogued by Science Museum Group, London (object number 1928-300), this is a mock-up; escapement, made in United Kingdom, United Kingdom, dated 1860-1928. The Atlas places it in the Industrial Revolution period (1850 – 1900) of its Movements & Components collection. Recorded dimensions: overall: 165 mm x 330 mm x 265 mm, 5.908 kg. The record is illustrated with 1 photograph.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
The source record does not include a narrative description. The structured fields above are reproduced from it.
Historical context
Industrial Revolution (1850 – 1900)
American interchangeable-parts manufacture; railroad time standards; Swiss and German factory systems.
Standardised calibres, interchangeable parts and machine tools allowed movements to be mass-produced in American and Swiss factories.
Read the period in the timelineMore movements & components from this periodEarlier: Precision & Scientific Horology
Atlas type guide
Escapements and escapement models
The escapement is the heart of every mechanical clock and watch: it releases the gear train one tooth at a time and gives small impulses to the oscillator (pendulum or balance) to keep it swinging. The verge (thirteenth century), anchor (c. 1670), deadbeat (c. 1715), cylinder (1720s), lever (c. 1755), detent (1780s) and co-axial (1970s) escapements each solved problems of friction, recoil and isochronism in different ways.
Large demonstration models of escapements were made for teaching in horological schools, for patent applications and for exhibitions. They are valuable because they make visible, at large scale, the minute interactions that take place in a watch many times per second.
What to look for
- The shape of the escape wheel teeth: crown wheel (verge), pointed (anchor), club-toothed (Swiss lever), ratchet (English lever), or two-tiered (co-axial).
- Pallets: flags on an arbor (verge), anchor-shaped, jewelled lever fork, or a detent spring.
- Whether impulse is given directly, through a lever, or in one direction only (detent).
- Teaching models usually carry the name of a school or demonstrator.
Dating clues
- Verge: c. 1275–1850.
- Anchor and deadbeat for clocks: after c. 1670 and c. 1715.
- Club-tooth Swiss lever: standard after c. 1880; co-axial in series from 1999.
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
Read next:Verge escapementAnchor (recoil) escapementSpring detent escapementCo-axial escapementGrasshopper escapementEscapement simulation lab
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