Clock movement by Smith, William, England, 1750 — view 1 of 4
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Movements & Components · Clock

Clock movement by Smith, William, England, 1750

DocumentedDocumented from the holding institution's catalogue record.
Maker / attribution
Smith, William (maker); William Smith (maker)
Date
1750
Country of origin
England
Place
Moorfields, Shoreditch, Hackney, London, Greater London, England, United Kingdom, Moorfields
Object type
Clock
Holding institution
Science Museum Group, London
Accession / object no.
L2016-2301
Credit line
Lent by the Worshipful Company of Clockmakers
Catalogue title (original)
Turret clock movement by William Smith

View the source record ↗

Record summary

Held and catalogued by Science Museum Group, London (object number L2016-2301), this is a clock by Smith, William, made in Moorfields, Shoreditch, Hackney, London, Greater London, England, United Kingdom, Moorfields, dated 1750. The Atlas places it in the Precision & Scientific Horology period (1750 – 1850) of its Movements & Components collection. The record is illustrated with 4 photographs.

Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.

Catalogue description

Science Museum Group description

Smith worked in Moorfields between c.1748 until his death in 1768. When John Harrison (of 'Longitude' fame) designed a type of anchor escapement for a turret clock at Trinity College Cambridge in 1755, Smith was instructed to make and fit it to the clock. Smith later developed his own design of turret clock, to which he often fitted Harrison's anchor escapement Clockmakers' Museum No. 1377

Historical context

Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)

Harrison solves longitude; Mudge invents the lever; Breguet's Paris workshop defines the modern watch.

The age of escapement invention: cylinder, duplex, lever, detent and many experimental escapements; compensation balances and fine finishing.

Read the period in the timelineMore movements & components from this periodEarlier: Early Modern Horology

Atlas type guide

Clock and watch movements

The movement is the mechanism of a clock or watch, without its case and dial. It consists of the power source (weight or mainspring in its barrel, sometimes with a fusee), the going train of wheels and pinions, the escapement and oscillator, the motion work that drives the hands, and in many cases additional trains for striking or complications.

From the eighteenth century watch movements were increasingly produced in stages: Swiss and French ébauche makers supplied rough movements that finishers, repasseurs and retailers completed and signed. Calibre numbers — first used systematically by American and Swiss factories in the nineteenth century — make it possible to identify movements, find spare parts and date watches.

What to look for

  • Plate and bridge layout: full plate, three-quarter plate, Lépine bar calibre, bridges and cocks.
  • Jewel count and whether jewels are set in chatons or rubbed in.
  • Signatures, calibre and serial numbers on the plate or under the dial.
  • Finishing: Geneva stripes (Côtes de Genève), perlage, bevelled edges, blued screws.
  • Fusee and chain, going barrel, or electrical components.

Dating clues

  • Full-plate English movements dominate before c. 1850; three-quarter plate and Lépine calibres after.
  • Jewelled movements spread after Facio and Debaufre's patent of 1704, mainly in English work until c. 1800.
  • Calibre numbers and factory serials allow close dating for industrial production after c. 1850.

General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.

Read next:FuseeDetached lever escapementVerge escapement

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