
Clocks · Clock electricity supply meters; ampere hour meters
Aron clock-type ampere hour electricity supply meter for 100 amperes, by Aron Electricity Meter Ltd.; no. 16032, (marked on pendulums and on mechanism).
- Maker / attribution
- Aron Electricity Meter Ltd.; General Electric Co. Ltd. (maker); General Electric Company Limited (maker)
- Date
- 1884-1900
- Historical period
- Industrial Revolution (1850 – 1900)
- Country of origin
- England
- Place
- London, Greater London, England, United Kingdom, London
- Object type
- Clock electricity supply meters; ampere hour meters
- Dimensions
- overall: 715 mm x 380 mm x 165 mm, ,
- Holding institution
- Science Museum Group, London
- Accession / object no.
- 1909-71
- Credit line
- Victoria & Albert Museum, Works Division
- Catalogue title (original)
- Aron clock-type ampere hour electricity supply meter for 100 amperes
Record summary
Held and catalogued by Science Museum Group, London (object number 1909-71), this is a clock electricity supply meters; ampere hour meters by Aron Electricity Meter Ltd.; General Electric Co. Ltd., made in London, Greater London, England, United Kingdom, London, dated 1884-1900. The Atlas places it in the Industrial Revolution period (1850 – 1900) of its Clocks collection. Recorded dimensions: overall: 715 mm x 380 mm x 165 mm. The record is illustrated with 1 photograph.
Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.
Catalogue description
The source record does not include a narrative description. The structured fields above are reproduced from it.
Historical context
Industrial Revolution (1850 – 1900)
American interchangeable-parts manufacture; railroad time standards; Swiss and German factory systems.
Factory production transformed the clock into an everyday object. American makers (Seth Thomas, Ansonia, Waterbury) and German factories (Junghans, Gustav Becker, Lenzkirch) sold millions of shelf, wall and alarm clocks worldwide; France produced standardised Paris movements and carriage clocks; electric time distribution began.
Read the period in the timelineMore clocks from this periodEarlier: Precision & Scientific Horology
Atlas type guide
Electric and synchronous clocks
Alexander Bain patented the electric clock in 1841, and through the later nineteenth century electricity was used both to drive pendulums and to distribute time. Master clocks sent impulses every half-minute or minute to subsidiary ('slave') dials across factories, schools, railway stations and post offices; Matthäus Hipp's toggle (1842) kept pendulums swinging with minimal interference. William Hamilton Shortt's free-pendulum clock (1921), with a slave pendulum doing the mechanical work, became the most accurate mechanical clock ever made in series.
In the 1920s and 1930s synchronous motor clocks, which count the alternating-current cycles of the mains supply (50 or 60 Hz), arrived in homes; Telechron in the United States and Smiths 'Sectric' and Ferranti in Britain made them in great numbers. Battery clocks such as the Bulle, Eureka and ATO used electromagnetic impulsing of balances or pendulums.
What to look for
- Electromagnets, contacts and coils in place of springs or weights.
- Cables, terminal blocks and labels for voltage or frequency.
- Master/subsidiary systems: a subsidiary dial has a stepping mechanism and no escapement.
- Brand names such as Synchronome, Gent, Magneta, Telechron, Smiths, Ferranti.
Dating clues
- Bain and Hipp clocks: from the 1840s.
- Synchronome master clocks: from 1895.
- Synchronous mains clocks: from the late 1920s (UK grid frequency standardised in the 1930s).
General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.
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