Stop watch movement, verge escapement, by J. Stirling, London, England, 1775-1785. — view 1 of 2
View 1 of 2 · Image: Science Museum Group · original image source

Instruments · Stop-watch; instrument component

Stop watch movement, verge escapement, by J. Stirling, London, England, 1775-1785.

DocumentedDocumented from the holding institution's catalogue record.
Maker / attribution
Stirling, J. (maker)
Date
1775-1785
Country of origin
England
Place
London, England, United Kingdom, London
Object type
Stop-watch; instrument component
Dimensions
overall: 23 mm x 54 mm x 79 mm, 0.09kg
Holding institution
Science Museum Group, London
Accession / object no.
1930-152
Credit line
Mr. H. W. Ravenshaw
Catalogue title (original)
Stop watch mechanism

View the source record ↗

Record summary

Held and catalogued by Science Museum Group, London (object number 1930-152), this is a stop-watch; instrument component by Stirling, J., made in London, England, United Kingdom, London, dated 1775-1785. The Atlas places it in the Precision & Scientific Horology period (1750 – 1850) of its Instruments collection. Recorded dimensions: overall: 23 mm x 54 mm x 79 mm, 0.09kg. The record is illustrated with 2 photographs.

Assembled from the source record's structured fields. Dates and attributions are given as the source states them; where a field is missing the Atlas leaves it blank rather than estimating.

Catalogue description

The source record does not include a narrative description. The structured fields above are reproduced from it.

Historical context

Precision & Scientific Horology (1750 – 1850)

Harrison solves longitude; Mudge invents the lever; Breguet's Paris workshop defines the modern watch.

The longitude problem was solved by the marine chronometer and lunar distance methods; dividing engines made precision scales possible, and observatories set time by transit instruments.

Read the period in the timelineMore instruments from this periodEarlier: Early Modern Horology

Atlas type guide

Timers, stopwatches, chronoscopes and time recorders

Instruments for measuring short intervals or recording when something happened form a large and practical branch of horology. Sports stopwatches and split-seconds timers, laboratory chronoscopes (such as Hipp's, which measured thousandths of a second for psychology and ballistics experiments), metronomes for music, watchmen's clocks that recorded patrol rounds, and the time recorders that clocked factory workers in and out all derive from clock and watch technology.

These objects matter historically because they show timekeeping leaving the observatory and the drawing room and entering industry, science and sport. Many were mass-produced, and their dials, scales and patents chart the rise of electrification and industrial management.

What to look for

  • Scales graduated in fifths, tenths or hundredths of a second, or decimal minutes for industrial use.
  • Start, stop and reset push-pieces; a second hand that can be stopped independently (split seconds).
  • Recording devices: paper discs or tapes, printing mechanisms, keys or punches.
  • Patent numbers and dates on the dial or case, which give a terminus post quem.

Dating clues

  • Hipp chronoscopes were made from the 1840s into the twentieth century.
  • Employee time recorders spread from the 1890s (Bundy, IBM, International Time Recording Co.).
  • Quartz and electronic timers replaced mechanical stopwatches in sport from the 1970s.

General guidance written by the Atlas editors about this kind of object. It is not a statement about this particular piece; for that, rely on the source record above and on physical examination.

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